objective(s): the effect of maternal voluntary exercise on hippocampal bdnf level in rat offspring was studied. in addition, the possible role of hippocampal bdnf receptors in maternal exercise induced enhancement of learning in the rat pups was investigated.   materials and methods: pregnant rats have been randomly assigned to sedentary control or voluntary exercise groups. each of the exercis...

Evidence from knockout studies in male mice and from experiments in male rats, in which expression of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) gene was inhibited in the medial preoptic area (MPO), suggests that ERα is important in the control of male rat mating behavior. Therefore, in this experiment, we tested the hypothesis that activation of ERα in the MPO is sufficient to maintain mating behavior ...

Background/Aim: Perineural fibrosis may be seen in some surgeries after unsuccessful transforaminal injections. This animal experiment aims to investigate the effect of steroids and/or local anesthetic substances used epidural/transforaminal injections on fibrosis. Methods: A total 14 male Wistar-Albino rats were separated into two groups 7. After intraperitoneal anesthesia, right and left scia...

Introduction: Retinoid signaling has been argued to have favorable effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied the role of chronic intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the amyloid-beta (Aβ) model of AD. Methods: Adult male rats weighing 260-330 g were divided into 12 groups of 8 each. Six groups of rats received ATRA (3nM, 30nM, 3μM, 0.3mM, 30...

Onion (Allium cepa) bulb from Liliaceae has antioxidant, spasmolytic and antihypertensive activities. The aim of present study was to investigate the antispasmodic effect of onion peel on rat ileum contractility. Onion peel powder was extracted by maceration in 70% alcohol for 72 h. A terminal portion of ileum from male Wistar rat was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in...

Early in ontogeny, young rats must be able to detect dangerous stimuli and to exhibit appropriate defensive behaviors. Different nuclei of the amygdala mediate unconditioned and conditioned fear responses to threat in adult rats. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the amygdala in unlearned fear behavior in young rats. When exposed to an unfamiliar adult male rat, preweaning rat ...