Trypsin is well known as a pancreatic enzyme that is typically secreted into the intestine to digest proteins. We show in our current study, however, that trypsin is also a key factor in the control of spermatogenesis. A progestin in teleost fish, 17alpha, 20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP), is an essential component of the spermatogenesis pathway, particularly during the initiation of the ...

It is controversial whether a functional androgen receptor (AR) on germ cells, including spermatogonia, is essential for their development into sperm and, thus, initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. It was recently shown that many spermatocytes underwent apoptosis in the testes of Hsp90α KO mice. We had generated Hsp90α KO mice independently and confirmed this phenotype. However, the i...

Using a Cre-Lox conditional knockout strategy, we generated a germ cell-specific androgen receptor (AR) knockout mouse (G-AR(-/y)) with normal spermatogenesis. Sperm count and motility in epididymis from AR(-/y) mice are similar to that of WT (G-AR(+/y)) mice. Furthermore, fertility tests show there was no difference in fertility, and almost 100% of female pups sired by G-AR(-/y) males younger ...

the influence of hypo- and hyper-thyroidism on spermatogenesis was studied in 60-day-old adult malewistar rats. to confirm hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, the concentration of plasma thyroid hormones wereassayed by radioimmunoassay. the hypothyroid state, induced by administration of 25 mg/kg/daymethimazole for 5 successive days, resulted in significant decrease in the number of sertoli cells, sper...

background: quercetin is a strong antioxidant and long-term treatment of stz-diabetic animals and it has been shown to reduce oxidative stress.   objective: antioxidants have essential effect on spermatogenesis and sperm parameters. enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus.   methods: ...

In this review, we aim to examine the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on spermatogenesis process taking into account a complex signaling pathway. Primarily, it is suggested that retinoic acid (RA) has a vital function in spermatogenesis process and it is considered to be essential for completion of spermatogonia into mature spermatozoa. In the present review, the key effects of retino...