Dispersive liquid liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used for the extraction and determination of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in mineral water samples. In this procedure, the suitable combination of extraction solvent (500 µL chloroform) and disperser solvent (1000 µL acetone) were quickly injected into the water sample (...

Novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), coupled with high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) has been applied for the extraction and determination of cyproheptadine (CPH), an antihistamine, in human urine samples. In this method, 0.6 mL of acetonitrile (disperser solvent) containing 30 µL of carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent) was ...

Atomoxetine, an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) agent , has severe adverse effects, which even causes suicidal ideation in patients and when combined with other drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors or in patients with cardiovascular disorders or pheochromocytoma, it can be fatal. In order to monitor the trough level of the drug, sensitive analytical methods are in demand.T...

Novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), coupled with high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) has been applied for the extraction and determination of cyproheptadine (CPH), an antihistamine, in human urine samples. In this method, 0.6 mL of acetonitrile (disperser solvent) containing 30 µL of carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent) was ...

Multiple length-scale effects are demonstrated in indentation-strength measurements of a range of ceramic materials under inert and reactive conditions. Meso-scale effects associated with flaw disruption by lateral cracking at large indentation loads are shown to increase strengths above the ideal indentation response. Micro-scale effects associated with toughening by microstructural restraints...

Abstract Reverse phase dispersive liquid- liquid microextraction (RP- DLLME) coupled with spectrophotometry is introduced for the detection of total phenol in the muscle tissue of fishes, such as Sphyraena genie, Otolithes ruber, Rastrelliger kangurta, Lutjanus johnii and Barbus Subquin Cunciatus. Phenols in fish tissues were extracted by ultrasonic bath and derivatization with 4- aminoant...

A simple, rapid and efficient dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction by use of ionic liquid (IL-DLLME)method, followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was developed for the preconcentrationand determination of palladium in water samples. In this method, an appropriate mixture of acetone and octylmethyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate was injected rapidly into the aqueous sample...