The urinary progestogen metabolites included in our profiles encompass the primary urinary metabolite, pregnanediol (Pgdiol), and four other more minor metabolites that belong to the pregnane (Allopregnanolone, Allo-pregnanediol) and pregnene (3α-dihydroprogesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone) categories. In postmenopausal women the level of pregnanediol is expected to be much lower than in preme...

Several studies have suggested that the menstrual cycle has the impact on sedation. No previous study has evaluated the effects of the menstrual cycle on sedation level and propofol requirement with preoperative intravenous dexmedetomidine. Sixty-four adult fertile women receiving general anesthesia for elective gynecologic surgery were included in the study. Patients were classified into four ...

1. Postural vasoconstriction in the foot was examined in 15 women during the menstrual, follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, and in 13 age-matched men on two separate occasions, in a constant-temperature environment (22 degrees C). 2. Skin blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry with the subject lying down, first with the foot maintained at heart level, then with t...

An association between serum carotenoid concentrations and risk for certain cancers has been observed in epidemiological studies. Determinants of serum carotenoid concentrations are known to include dietary intake, plasma lipid concentrations, and body mass. Menstrual cycle phase, which has not been adequately addressed in previous studies, has been suggested to be a possible additional factor ...

Fifteen highly neurotic women and 21 women who were low in neuroticism participated in this study. The women were surveyed three times over a single menstrual cycle during the mid-late luteal, menstrual, and late follicular phases. Each time, the participants were asked to use reappraisal to regulate their emotions, which were evoked by a sad film clip, and their subjective emotional experience...

Hormonal variations during the menstrual cycle (MC) may influence trainability of strength. We investigated the effects of a follicular phase-based strength training (FT) on muscle strength, muscle volume and microscopic parameters, comparing it to a luteal phase-based training (LT). Eumenorrheic women without oral contraception (OC) (N = 20, age: 25.9 ± 4.5 yr, height: 164.2 ± 5.5 cm, weight: ...

We used data from a cross-sectional study of 107 premenopausal women to evaluate the relation of age, menarcheal age, parity, and age at first live birth with plasma estrogen and androgen levels in premenopausal women. Fasting blood specimens were collected on each of days 5-7, 12-15, and 21-23 of menstrual cycles of the participants and pooled to create follicular, midcycle, and luteal phase s...

This study assessed whether premenstrual symptomatology and/or sleep characteristics explain increased luteal phase psychophysiological reactivity to laboratory stressors. We hypothesized that: (1) premenstrual symptoms and sleep characteristics would explain greater luteal versus follicular phase psychophysiological reactivity, (2) symptoms and sleep characteristics would differentially predic...

Using a balanced experimental design, 30 regularly cycling woman not using oral contraceptives, aged 20 to 30 years, were assessed in a laboratory setting during the follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Sexual arousal was measured by self-report and by photoplethysmographic recordings of vaginal vasocongestion. Plasma estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were determined by radioimmuno...