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Vascular manifestations are not rare in systemic lupus erythematosus and, in most cases, are associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is an unusual and severe complication of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs, which has a high mortality rate. In the literature, only two cases of phlegmasia cerulea dolens associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome hav...

Serous effusions of nine of 33 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus contained lupus erythematosus (LE) cells, identifiable in Papanicolaou-stained smears, wet films stained with toluidine blue, and cell blocks stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Specimens in which LE cells were found contained at least a moderate number of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leucocytes. Most specimens contain...

DLE: discoid lupus erythematosus MEP: milia en plaque INTRODUCTION Milia are small benign superficial keratinous cysts, measuring 1 to 4 mm in diameter. Milia can be primary, appearing spontaneously, or secondary to trauma, skin disease, or medication. Milia en plaque (MEP) is a rare form of this condition characterized by numerous aggregated milia on an erythematous plaque. Discoid lupus eryth...

Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus (NLE) is a rare disease associated with placental transport of maternal anti-Ro/La and/or anti-U1RNP antibodies into the fetal circulation and characterized by cardiac, cutaneous, hematologic and hepatic manifestations. The most serious complication of NLE is complete heart block and cardiomyopathy. The maternal connective tissue disorder has been systemic lupus ery...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW A hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus is the production of autoantibodies that recognize nuclear antigens. However, the underlying events and mechanisms that lead to the selection of these molecules for the autoimmune response remain poorly understood. In this review, we will examine some of the proposed explanations for sources of systemic lupus erythematosus-specific au...

INTRODUCTION Discoid lupus erythematosus may lead to significant orbital inflammation syndrome. Ocular manifestations related to discoid lupus erythematosus are uncommon and few cases of eye inflammation are reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 37-year-old Caucasian woman with 5-year history of discoid lupus erythematosus presented with exophthalmos, periorbital pain and blurred vision in her right ...

Acute pancreatitis is a rare, but fatal, manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Only 10 systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pancreatitis cases were found in a search of published articles. We report a 24-year-old woman without significant medical history, who was admitted with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, which was diagnosed as pancreatitis. It was discovered to be the initi...

BACKGROUND Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus seem to belong to different serological and clinical subgroups of the disease. Genetic background can cause the appearance of these subgroups. OBJECTIVE To determine whether Brazilian patients who have systemic lupus erythematosus and Raynaud's phenomenon differ from those who do not. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 373 medical records...

Currently, no standardized classification criteria exist for cutaneous lupus erythematosus. With increased interest in studying cutaneous lupus erythematosus, specifically discoid lupus erythematosus, it is our aim to apply previously adopted methods from rheumatology to dermatologic diseases to develop feasible, validated, and standardized classification criteria useful in both academic and co...