The effect of commercial selection on the growth, efficiency, and yield of broilers was studied using 2 University of Alberta Meat Control strains unselected since 1957 and 1978, and a commercial Ross 308 strain (2005). Mixed-sex chicks (n = 180 per strain) were placed into 4 replicate pens per strain, and grown on a current nutritional program to 56 d of age. Weekly front and side profile phot...

A novel cadaveric model for anterior-inferior shoulder dislocation using forcible apprehension positioning is presented. This model simulates an in vivo mechanism and yields capsulolabral lesions. The scapulae of 14 cadaveric entire upper limbs (82 +/- 9 years, mean +/- standard deviation) were each rigidly fixed to a custom shoulder-testing device. A pneumatic system was used with pulleys and ...

The effect of an immediate posthatch growth restriction mediated through a 20% growth restriction the first 2 wk posthatch was studied for its effect on pectoralis major muscle morphological structure and the expression of the myogenic transcriptional regulatory factors, MyoD and myogenin, and the heparan sulfate proteoglycans syndecan-4 and glypican-1. Broiler chicks at hatch were divided into...

This study evaluates a novel limited submuscular direct-to-implant technique utilizing AlloMax where only the upper few centimeters of the implant is covered by the pectoralis, whereas the majority of the implant including the middle and lower poles are covered by acellular dermal matrix. METHODS The pectoralis muscle is released off its inferior and inferior-medial origins and allowed to ret...

Turkey meat and processed products are very popular in Portugal. However, no studies have been made to assess turkey meat quality. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of turkey breast meat in a Portuguese slaughterhouse, differentiating it to obtain better industrial management, performance, and consumer contentment. Nine hundred and seventy-seven male turkeys (from 16 ...

Sonomicrometry and electromyographic (EMG) recordings were made for the pectoralis muscle of blue-breasted quail (Coturnix chinensis) during take-off and horizontal flight. In both modes of flight, the pectoralis strain trajectory was asymmetrical, with 70 % of the total cycle time spent shortening. EMG activity was found to start just before mid-upstroke and continued into the downstroke. The ...

The present study was aimed to evaluate shelf life of Pike Barbell (Luciobarbus esocinus Heckel, 1843) experimental samples fish finger, that ordinarily packed and stored at 4±1°C. Together with the control group, three groups finger were obtained addition goji berry extract into this content by 1% 2%. According findings in study, it concluded fingers had a positive effect on chemical, microbio...

Restoration of elbow flexion in paralytic disorders has taxed the ingenuity of surgeons for half a century. Four types of operation have emerged : 1) proximal transplantation of the flexor or extensor origins of the forearm muscles, or both ; 2) transplantation of triceps to biceps; 3) transplantation of pectoralis major to biceps; and 4) transplantation of sternomastoid to biceps. This communi...

BACKGROUND Current treatments for proximal humeral fractures include conservative treatment, conventional open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and MIPPO through deltoid-splitting approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of MIPPO versus ORIF via the deltoid-pectoralis approach in elderly patients with proximal humeral fractures. METHODS Thirty-six patients with p...

BACKGROUND A common complication associated with implantable cardiac electrical device implantation compromises skin lesions caused by overstretching just above a buried device that is relatively large in size. Apart from affecting the cosmetic appearance in some patients, a compromised blood supply to the skin may also lead to ischemic necrosis, which is an important complication. We describe ...