PURPOSE To determine the effects of lubrication of the vaginal speculum before insertion during a Papanicolaou test on perceived pain and quality of the cytology specimen. METHODS Four hundred eligible women participating in cervical cancer screening and an early detection program were randomized with respect to lubricant gel use before speculum insertion. Perceived pain during speculum inser...

PURPOSE To compare the use of lubricant gel with lidocaine versus lubricant gel without anesthetic in flexible cystoscopy in terms of pain and tolerability. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this observational non-randomized study, 72 patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 38 patients in whom lidocaine gel 2% was used and group 2 included 34 patients in whom lubricant gel without anes...

A study investigating the effect of sheet surface condition on resistance spot welding (RSW) of aluminium has been carried out at the University of Warwick. This concentrates on two commercial automotive aluminium alloys; AA5754 and AA6111, used for structural and closure applications respectively. The results show the marked effect that surface condition can have on the RSW process. For AA5754...

A thermohydrodynamic (THD) analysis of turbulent flow in journal bearings is presented based on the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques. The bearing has infinite length and operates under incompressible and steady conditions. In this analysis, the numerical solution of Navier-Stokes equations with the equations governing the kinetic energy of turbulence and the dissipation rate, couple...

In Hard Disk Drives (HDD), it is necessary to decrease the Flying Height (FH) between the head and the disk (currently, FH is around 3-5 nm) so as to increase recording densities. Retaining the solid lubricant has become a difficult proposition owing to intermittent contact between the surfaces. ZTMD and Z are used as solid lubricant to lubricate these interfaces. In this paper, the behavior of...

comparing the preventive effect of adhesive tape and eye ointment on eye dryness and corneal abrasion in icu patients     sharifi tabar z [1] , shaeri m [2] , nazari r [3] , adib hajbagari m [4] , masoudi alvi n [5]     received: 29 feb , 2012 accepted: 04 jun , 2012     abstract   background & aims : eye complications are common in intensive care units’ patients. different methods are recommen...

This paper is the second in a series that examines grease lubrication mechanisms and failure in rolling element bearings. The aim of the work was to understand the grease condition changes during use and the relationship to lubrication performance and failure. R0F bearing tests were carried out with two lithium hydroxystearate greases and the effects of the temperature, the speed, and the addit...

INTRODUCTION Female sexual arousal disorder is a pathophysiologic state characterized clinically by persistent or recurrent inability to attain or maintain an adequate lubrication-swelling response of sexual excitement until completion of sexual activity. Prior clinical experience with alprostadil products for men with erectile dysfunction supports its use in women with female sexual arousal di...

Lubricant and coolant can improve surface roughness in machining. In addition of ecological harms, thermal shock of coolant or lubricant may affect the surface integrity especially on surface residual stresses and micro-crack nucleation. Dry machining is ecologically desirable and it is considered as a necessity for manufacturing enterprises in the recent years. 55Cr3 steel grade is steel with ...