This study tested susceptibilities of Anopheles minimus mosquitoes to deltamethrin during each of 19 generations (although technical problems excluded selective pressure experiments during generations 11-13). The ultimate goal was to establish a pyrethroid resistant colony of this important malaria vector in Thailand. Resistance was selected for by exposing, using the World Health Organization ...

UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Cold tolerance is a critically important factor determining how plants will be influenced by climate change, including changes in snowcover and extreme weather events. Although a great deal is known about cold tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, it is not highly cold tolerant. This study examined cold tolerance and its genetic diversity in an herbaceous subarc...

This paper constructs fully parallel NN hardware architecture, FPGA has been used to reduce neuron hardware by design the activation function inside the neuron without using lookup table as in most researches, to perform an efficient NN. It consist of two main parts; the first part covers network training using MATLAB program, the second part represents the hardware implementation of the traine...

ةـصلاخلا : ةلاحلا رايعم ثحبلا اذه يف ضرعن – ةلاحلا حشرمُــل لماشلا يبراقتلا تابثلل غارفلا – يمقرلا غارفلا عبشملا يباسحلا ضئافلا مادختساب كلذو ةددحم ةميق اذ . دقو ماظنلل ةديدج ةيصاخ ءاصقتساب رايعملا قُـتشأ ةساردلا ديق . اس رايعم عم رايعملا اذه ةنراقمب انمق امآ جنيسو راآ نم لٍآ لَـبـقِ نم هضرع مت قب . دقو جنيسو راآ رايعم نم لقأ طباوض يذ يلاحلا رايعملا نأ ةنراقملا تنابأ . و نع حرتقملا رايعملا ةعاجن ان...

Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the major pests of many crops in Pakistan. Effectiveness of different insecticides was evaluated against field populations of 2 instar larvae of S. exigua under laboratory conditions because in lepidopterous pests resistance is developed in 3 instars. Bioassays were performed through leaf dip method to evaluate the doseand time-mortality resp...

We studied the mechanism of cold acclimation of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers with special reference to the role of the cell wall. During the cold-acclimation process from September to January, the freezing tolerance of tubers increased from -2.8 degrees C to -8.4 degrees C (LT50). By contrast, the isolated protoplasts constitutively showed a consistent high level of free...

Fumigant toxicity and sublethal effects of essential oils from Artemisia khorassanica Podl. and Artemisia sieberi Bess were investigated against adults of Sitotroga cerealella Olivier. To assess the sublethal effects, adult moths were exposed to the LC30 of each essential oil, and life table parameters of the surviving S. cerealella were studied. Higher fumigant toxicity of A. khorassanica (LC5...

When alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Apica) plants grown at room temperature are transferred to 2 degrees C, the temperature at which 50% of the plants fail to survive (LT50) decreases from -6 to -14 degrees C during the first 2 weeks but then increases to -9 degrees C during the subsequent 2 weeks. However, when plants are kept for 2 weeks at 2 degrees C and then transferred to -2 degrees C for...

The repellency and toxicity of mint oil to American, Periplaneta americana (L.), and German, Blattella germanica (L.), cockroaches were evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments. In topical application experiments, mint oil was toxic to both species with toxicities (LD50s) of 2.57 (1.98– 4.20) in 10 l and 3.83 (2.35–7.34)% in 2 l for American and German cockroaches, respectively. In conti...