Water desalination is an important approach to provide fresh water around the world, although its high energy consumption, and thus high cost, call for new, efficient technology. Here, we demonstrate the novel concept of a "desalination battery", which operates by performing cycles in reverse on our previously reported mixing entropy battery. Rather than generating electricity from salinity dif...

This second part of the overview of reverse osmosis investigates the ability of membrane transport models, presented in Part 1, to describe and/or predict membrane performance under different operating conditions. The problem of using the transport models to describe mixed solute systems is also discussed. The emphasis is to provide a simple, practical, and yet comprehensive summary of the most...

Free-volume hole-radii of the active skin layer of one seawater and two low pressure reverse osmosis (RO) membranes namely SWC5, ESPAB, and ESPA2 respectively were evaluated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) with a slow positron beam. The results were related to the rejection of boric acid and eight N-nitrosamines to provide insights to the transport of these small solute...

the aim of this research is performance evaluation of reverse osmosis method for treatment of ion exchange resins regeneration wastewater from a petrochemical complex in iran. currently this wastewater is discharged to evaporation lagoons after neutralization. thus, we need to set up a pilot plant which has membrane cell for treatment performance evaluation of three kinds of reverse osmosis mem...

The conversion of saltwater and brackish water into fresh through desalination has gained significant importance as a solution to the worldwide scarcity resources. Reverse Osmosis (RO) method been effectively utilized generate from sources water. This research aims examine variables that affect performance reverse osmosis process. effectiveness membrane was assessed experiments explored impact ...

The frontier of water treatment is being defined by hybrid approaches and thoughtful design integration. The use of increasingly sophisticated processes is driven by the need to treat dramatically impaired water supplies while maintaining low cost, high utilization, and high operational flexibility. Industrial wastewaters present an additional challenge, with increasing regulations and water sc...

Seawater ultrafi ltration (UF) as a pretreatment of reverse osmosis (RO) process in a thermal power plant was investigated using a 100 kDa hollow fi ber membrane. The choice of the UF physical backwash conditions remains arbitrary or ensuing from a sensibility study. As the optimum must take into account the factors interactions, we led a response surface study to analy...

The use of forward osmosis (FO) is of growing interest for water desalination, due to its potential energy savings. However, its industrial implementation is still limited by its actual performance limitation inwater permeation and reverse salt diffusion, due to membrane properties. Assisted forward osmosis (AFO) is a new concept, aiming at pressurising the feed solution to enhance water permea...

This study proposes a new seawater desalination process using concentrated solar energy. Compared with conventional technologies, the proposed produces tap water high energy efficiency and lower environmental impact. The is based on type of boiler via “beam-down” optical system. To improve productivity, steam produced used to feed an adapted multiple-effect distillation (MED) A complete model f...