This paper derives a necessary and sufficient condition for robust stability of sampleddata systems, which is stated by using the notion of separators that are dealt with in an operator-theoretic framework. Such operator-theoretic treatment of separators provides a new perspective, which we call noncausal linear periodically time varying scaling and leads to reducing conservativeness in robust ...

This paper presents a low-power hybrid thermopneumatic microvalve with an electrostatic hold and integrated valve plate position sensing. This combination of actuators in a single structure enables a high throw and force actuator with low energy consumption, a combination that is difficult to otherwise achieve. The completed 7.5 mm × 10.3 mm × 1.5 mm valve has an open flow rate of 8 sccm at 600...

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Electrophoretic image displays (EPIDs) are a very promising solution in the search for low-power, paper like reflective displays. While the technology is already mature, little is known about the internal physical properties. In this paper, we will describe which elements contribute to the charge transport and give an explanation of the steady state current. The contribution of the surfactant m...

This paper presents a low-power structure of digital matched filters (DMFs), which is proposed for direct sequence spread spectrum systems. Traditionally, low-power approaches for DMFs are based on either the transposedform structure or the direct-form one. A new hybrid structure that employs the direct-form structure for local addition and the transposed-form structure for global addition is u...

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Models of culture are operationalized as individualism and collectivism and have not given sufficient attention to other organizing axes—especially how a society handles power, dependence, and equality. Shavitt, Lalwani, Zhang, and Torelli (2006) make a significant contribution by first reminding the field of power distance (Hofstede, 1980) and then moving beyond a single factor to highlight be...

We first present a circuit taxonomy along the space and time dimensions, which is useful for classifying generic low-power techniques, followed by an analysis of optimal power supply and threshold voltages and transistor sizing for minimizing the energy-delay product of a class of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) digital circuits.

In the not too distant future, new materials for sensing and actuation, together with high-density, low-power electronics and embedded computation, will bring interaction and intelligence to commonplace inanimate objects in our environment. As a simple but illustrative example, we have built balloons that can interact conversationally. This paper describes this system: the piezoelectric foil th...