Targeted disruption of the receptor for glycoprotein hormone, FSH (FSH-R) causes a gene dose-related endocrine and gametogenic abnormality in female mice. The resulting FSH-R knockout (FORKO) mutants have disordered estrous cycles, ovulatory defects, and atrophic uterus. The heterozygous animals that initially show reduced fertility undergo early reproductive senescence and stop breeding altoge...

Nestin-Cre mice are widely used to generate gene deletions in the developing brain. Surprisingly, fewNestin-Cre lines have been characterized for their temporal and brain region-specific recombination. In addition, some Nestin-Cre lines express Cre outside the central nervous system, making it difficult to choose appropriate lines for targeting genes with brain region-restricted expression. Her...

Pygo2 acts as a co-activator of Wnt signaling in a nuclear complex with ß-catenin/BCL9/BCL9-2 to increase target gene transcription. Previous studies showed that Pygo2 is upregulated in murine intestinal tumors and human colon cancer, but is apparently dispensable for normal intestinal homeostasis. Here, we have evaluated the in vivo role of Pygo2 during intestinal tumorigenesis using Pygo2 def...

We propose a quartic function to represent a family of continuous quality loss functions. Depending on the choice of its parameters the shape of this function within the specification limits can be either symmetric or asymmetric, and it can be either similar to the ubiquitous quadratic loss function or somewhat closer to the conventional step function. We examine this family of loss functions i...

Introduction The transcription factor rx3 is important for the formation of pituitary and parts hypothalamus. Mutant animals lacking function have been well characterized in developmental studies, but relatively little known about their behavioral phenotypes. Methods We used cell type staining to reveal differences stress axis architecture, performed cortisol measurements behavior analysis stud...

Mice deficient in the peripheral myelin component P0 mimic severe forms of inherited peripheral neuropathies in humans, with defective myelin formation and consequent axonal loss. We cross-bred these mice with the spontaneous mutant C57BL/Wld(s) typically showing protection from Wallerian degeneration because of fusion of the ubiquitination factor E4B (Ube4b) and nicotinamide mononucleotide ade...

We previously reported that disruption of the yjbI gene reduced virulence Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we found in both silkworms and mice was restored by introducing yjbH but not to genes-disrupted mutants, suggesting yjbH, downstream a two-gene operon-yjbIH, is responsible for phenomenon. further observed decrease various surface-associated proteins changes cell envelope glycostructu...