Sponge iron (DRI) due to the high surface area, often shows a high tendency to re-oxidation and at some cases spontaneous combustion (autoignition). In this work, re-oxidation behavior and autoignition of sponge iron, produced from different types of iron ore has been investigated. Isothermal and non-isothermal re-oxidation experiments were carried out on each type of DRI and their autoignition...

We investigate the post-quantum security of hash functions based on the sponge construction. A crucial property for hash functions in the post-quantum setting is the collapsing property (a strengthening of collision-resistance). We show that the sponge construction is collapsing (and in consequence quantum collision-resistant) under suitable assumptions about the underlying block function. In p...

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are important members of almost all aquatic ecosystems, and are renowned for hosting often dense and diverse microbial communities. While the specificity of the sponge microbiota seems to be closely related to host phylogeny, the environmental factors that could shape differences within local sponge-specific communities remain less understood. On tropical coral reefs, ...

promotion of the dietary fiber of foods can enhance human health by reducing the risk of many serious diseases. cakes are among the highly consumed foods but sadly of low fiber content. therefore, increasing the fiber content in them is of great importance, and this was the aim followed in this study. wheat flour was partially replaced at 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) with corn resistant starch (rs),...

Polyurethane sheet is a pure white, soft, and flexible synthetic sponge with a mechanical strength and abrasion resistance equivalent or even superior to other sponge materials. Our study indicates that the blood absorption power of the polyurethane sheet is equivalent to that of the cotton gauze even after repeated use, and it has the potential to decrease the total amount of sponge usage. Fur...

Graphite exfoliation has been the main mechanism to produce graphene material and its derivatives, such as oxide (GO) reduced GO (rGO). This study was aimed exfoliate graphite using MnO2 paste in Zinc-Carbon (ZnC) battery wastes via audio sonication X-ray irradiated water. The exfoliated (EG) sample then characterized UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM. EG utilized an additiv...

Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from temperate Australian collections of the marine sponge Pseudoceratina purpurea resulted in the isolation and characterisation of two new and six known bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids with antibiotic activity. Surprisingly, a single specimen of the mollusc Tylodina corticalis, which was collected while feeding on P. purpurea, contained only a few of ...

The sponge construction, designed by Bertoni, Daemen, Peeters, and Ass­ cheis, is the framework for hash functions such as Keccak, PHOTON, Quark, and spon­ gent. The designers give a keyed sponge construction by prepending the message with key and prove a bound on its pseudorandomness in the ideal permutation model . In this paper we give a different keyed sponge construction that is based on t...

Caribbean coral reefs have been transformed in the past few decades with the demise of reef-building corals, and sponges are now the dominant habitat-forming organisms on most reefs. Competing hypotheses propose that sponge communities are controlled primarily by predatory fishes (top-down) or by the availability of picoplankton to suspension-feeding sponges (bottom-up). We tested these hypothe...