In this work, we present a theoretical study about NP-hard optimization problems of cuts in graphs and the state of the art in approximation algorithms that use techniques of mathematical programming and of metric spaces. Three problems of cuts in graphs were modeled by integer mathematical programs and they are relaxed to admit solutions with continuous values. The solution of these programs d...

We determine some Nichols algebras that admit a nontrivial quadratic relation associated to families of upper triangular solutions the Yang–Baxter equation dimension 3.

1. Introduction The New Wave models of reduction in science incorporate the best insights of both the logical empiricists and their critics. They propose that cases of intertheoretic mapping can fall anywhere along a continuum of possibilities from nearly perfect isomorphs at one end of that continuum (which the logical empiricists tended to stress) to utterly irreconcilable conceptions at the ...

We consider complements of links in the suspension of an orientable surface S of genus g > 0, and show that their fundamental groups naturally admit presentations which are analogues of Dehn presentations of classical link complements. For certain links, we show that they admit canonical cubings of non-positive curvature, and that certain groups admitting Dehn-like presentations contain closed ...

this paper will examine ibn sina’s theory of the conditional syllogism from a purely logical point of view, and will lay bare the principles he adopted for founding his theory, and the reason why the newly introduced part of his logic remained undeveloped and eventually was removed from the texts of logic in the later islamic tradition. as a preliminary discussion, this paper briefly examines i...

Periodicity constraints are present in many logical formalisms, in fragments of Presburger LTL, in calendar logics, and in logics for access control, to quote a few examples. We introduce the logic PLTL, an extension of Linear-Time Temporal Logic LTL with past-time operators whose atomic formulae are defined from a first-order constraint language dealing with periodicity. The underlying constra...

Given a kink bearing Hamiltonian, Isospectral Hamiltonian approach is used in generating new sets of Hamiltonains which also admit kink solutions. We use Sine-Gordon model as a example and explicitly work out the new sets of potentials and the solutions. * E-mail address: [email protected] 1 Nonlinear field theory models in (1+1) dimensions, with Lagrangian density L = 12∂μφ∂φ − V (φ) ,...

despite the often false impression that the analytic philosophy as an anti-metaphysical movement has nothing to do with metaphysics, there can be found good reasons to grant the metaphysical dispositions of analytic philosophers, and thereby, to minimize the anti-metaphysical nature of analytic philosophy in its all phases. since analytic philosophy is a historical movement the main nature of w...

In this chapter and the next, we consider algorithms for optimization problems. We have already seen an example of an optimization problem — the maximum subsequence sum problem from Chapter 1. We can characterize optimization problems as admitting a set of candidate solutions. In the maximum subsequence sum problem, the candidate solutions are the contiguous subsequences in the input array. An ...

The investigation reported in this paper aims at clarifying an important yet subtle distinction between (i) the logical objects on which measure theoretic probability can be defined, and (ii) the interpretation of the resulting values as rational degrees of belief. Our central result can be stated informally as follows. Whilst all subjective degrees of belief can be expressed in terms of a prob...