introduction: failure to achieve adequate and profound anesthesia in teeth with acute pulp inflammation is a common condition during emergency visits in root canal therapy. many different anesthetic solutions such as morphine and capsaicin have accordingly been examined. mannitol­ an alcoholic sugar with high osmotic pressure level- is applicated for reducing intracranial and post retinal press...

The Lyapunov exponents of symmetric attractors can be forced to be multiple by “instantaneous symmetries” which fix the attractor pointwise. In this paper, we show that “symmetries on average” which fix the attractor as a set may lead to further multiplicities. This work is motivated by, and provides an explanation for, numerical computations by Aston & Laing of Lyapunov exponents for the compl...

In conjunction with the recent critical assessments of the life and work of R.D. Laing, this paper seeks to demonstrate what is revealed when Laing's work on families and created spaces of mental health care are examined through a geographical lens. The paper begins with an exploration of Laing's time at the Tavistock Clinic in London during the 1960s, and of the co-authored text with Aaron Est...

therapy' are being practised. These methods reflect the depersonalising forces working in society as a whole. Thus a radical and forthright book dealing honestly with relationships between persons in a social context is an event of importance. Dr. Laing's new book is such an event and will, if widely read, reinforce the striking impact which this original and creative psychiatrist has made in h...