in this paper, we establish the theory of fuzzy ideal convergence on completely distributive lattices and give characterizations of some topological notions. we also study fuzzy limit structures and discuss the relationship between fuzzy co-topologies and fuzzy limit structures.

BACKGROUND The use of the lower 90% confidence limit of the lower limit of normal (LLN(CI)), rather than a fixed percentage of the predicted value (LLN(%)), appears to be statistically more appropriate for interpretation of spirometry results. There has been no comparative assessment of these 2 definitions of the LLN in routine clinical practice. METHODS We studied results of spirometry inter...

We study how the behavior of quantum noise, presenting the fundamental limit on the sensitivity of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, depends on properties of input states of light. We analyze the situation with specially prepared nonclassical input states which reduce the photoncounting noise to the Heisenberg limit. This results in a great reduction of the optimum light power neede...

Power grids monitoring, operation, control, and commercialisation are transforming gradually due to technological advancements, new frontiers of distinct applications emerging in this field. Global emphasis on increasing the dependence renewable sources generation introduction electric vehicles as means transformation can potentially affect traditional notion grid analysis, control. The prevale...

Under voltage load shedding (UVLS) and under frequency load shedding (UFLS) is plays vital role in the power system operation. As large disturbances are occur frequently in previous days. Generally these two methods are work independently from each other, and are not designed to integrated way to use their combined effect on load shedding. The reactive power hardly consider in load shedding pro...

In this dissertation, hybrid tabu search and simulated annealing (TS/SA) approach is proposed to find the optimal placement of multi-type FACTS devices to simultaneously minimize the total generator fuel cost and violation function. The problem is decomposed into the multi-objective optimal placement (MOOP) of multi-type FACTS devices subproblem that is searched by the hybrid TS/SA approach and...

Optimal Location of FACTS devices are very important for the rapid and successful operation because of high cost and circuit complexities. In this paper best location of UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller) is obtained both for static and transient voltage stability enhancement of an IEEE 14 bus power system. The simulation is done on PSAT (Power System Analysis Tool-box) in MATLAB and optimal ...

this paper presents a simplified approach to estimate the resultant force, which should be provided by a retention system, for the equilibrium of unstable slopes. the results were obtained with a developed algorithm, based on limit equilibrium analyses, that assumes a two-part wedge failure mechanism. design charts to obtain equivalent earth pressure coefficients are presented. based on the res...

pesticides are one of the major pollutants in the environment. the residue of pesticides has been reported to be at a critical level in agricultural crops, especially in greenhouse crops. tomato is considered as an important vegetable in iranian food basket and is produced in fields and greenhouses. so, the current study aimed to assess diazinon and oxydemeton-methyl levels in tomatoes sampled ...

the determination of the ultimate pit limit (upl) is the first step in the open pit mine planning process. in this stage that parts of the mineral deposit that are economic to mine are determined. there are several mathematical, heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms to determine upl. the optimization criterion in these algorithms is maximization of the total profit whilst satisfying the...