Transport phenomena, including mass, momentum and heat transfer and the coupling of transport and chemical reactions, play a dominant role in chemical engineering processes. For example, a distillation process in a packed column involves fluid flow (momentum transfer) of liquid and vapor phases, mass transfer within a homogeneous phase and on the liquid and vapor interface, and heat transfer wi...

The radial and longitudinal distribution of absorbed dose in a water phantom irradiated with 10 GeV electrons has been measured. The electron beam was well focussed, and the current was measured accurately with a toroid. Detector plates, containing arrays of thermoluminescent 7LiF dosimeters were inserted at different depths in the water tank. The profiles of the dose distribution were measured...

The dosimeters used to monitor industrial irradiation processing commonly experience significant temperature rises that must be considered in the dose analysis stage. The irradiation-temperature coefficient for a dosimetry system is derived from the dosimeter's radiation response to the absorbed dose and the irradiation temperature. This temperature coefficient is typically expressed in percent...

PURPOSE To obtain and assess the accuracy of 3D dose distributions and LET maps from a passively-scattered proton beam through the use of LET-dependent and LET-independent polymer gel formulations. METHODS Dose measurements were performed with BANG3-Pro2 (MGS Research, Inc, Madison, CT) polymer gel dosimeters. The dosimeters were mixed from kits and were poured into 14.5 cm high by 15 cm diam...

Chemical recovery of methyl acetoacetate from the amoxicillin plant’s waste stream was investigated. In process of amoxicillin production for activation of amoxicillin molecule, hydrolysis takes place at final stage. As a result methyl acetoacetate is formed. Liquid-liquid extraction was employed for the recovery of methyl acetoacetate from the waste stream. Diluted alkaline solution was used a...

background : sensitivity is an important dosimetric issue particularly in personal dosimetry where the range of doses is often very low to medium. in-service aging is assumed to be of negligible effect on the response of thermoluminescent dosimeters (tld), consequently, some service providers may mix fresh tlds to in-use ones and simply normalize the readings of tlds through batch calibration. ...

background and objectives: furfural (f) and hydroxymethyl furfural (hmf) are cyclic aldehydes, which are formed during the heat processing of foods. these chemical contaminants have received much attention due to their suspected health hazards and heat damage indicators. the aim of the present study was extraction and determination of f and hmf in baby-foods using dispersive liquid-liquid micro...

This study investigated the dosimetric properties of various electronic components extracted from a new generation mobile phone using optically stimulated luminescence and thermoluminescence. The studied resistors exhibit high linearity in the dose range of interest, signal repeatibility and reproducibility, along with a minimum detectable dose of 16 mGy after preheating.