Soil liquefaction has been observed worldwide during recent major earthquakes with induced effects responsible for much of the damage, disruption of function, and considerable replacement expenses for structures. The phenomenon has not been documented in recent time with such damage in Italian context before the recent Emilia-Romagna Earthquake (May 2012). The main lateral spreading and vertica...

The fragility of buried electrical cables is often neglected in earthquakes but significant damage to cables was observed during the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence in New Zealand. This study estimates Poisson repair rates, similar to those in existence for pipelines, using damage data retrieved from part of the electric power distribution network in the city of Christchurch. The funct...

The liquefaction phenomena of sands have been studied by many researchers to date. Laboratory element tests revealed key factors that govern phenomena, such as relative density, particle size distribution, and grain shape. However, challenges remain in quantifying inherent anisotropy evaluating its impact on phenomena. This contribution explores the effect mechanical response granular materials...

As a novel, renewable, and efficient source of energy, offshore wind power has attracted many scholars across the globe. Studies show that significantly enhances liquefaction resistance marine saturated sand foundations exposed to seismic waves as loads. In present study, series shaking table tests were conducted study load-induced enhancement sand. To this end, excess pore pressures soil mass ...

Granular soil liquefaction, due to developed pore water pressure during undrained cyclic shear of saturated soils, is regarded as a common phenomenon under earthquakes loading. This results in the huge damage infrastructures. Various reinforcement materials have been successfully implemented with particular attention use waste satisfy design specifications and also reducing adverse environmenta...

The evaluation of liquefaction effect on the dynamic moment of stabilizing piles is potentially significant. Based on the dynamic centrifuge modeling of a slope reinforced with a row of copper model pile, this paper not only analyzed the response of dynamic pore pressure, earthquake deformation and macroscopic phenomenon measured in the response of the reinforced slope, but also simulated the r...

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) uses the metabolic function of microbes to carry out biochemical reactions with other substances in environment. Through controlled growth inorganic minerals, soil particles are cemented and pores filled solidify reduce its permeability. Thus, application this technology was foreseen geotechnical engineering environment (building antise...

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae Nannochloropsis (NAS) over various transition metal M/TiO2 (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, and Mn) was investigated. Ni/TiO2 was the most effective catalyst to improve the yield and quality of biocrude and the liquefaction conversion. Ni/TiO2 was characterized by XRD, XRF, and XPS. The research of Effect of reaction temperature on HTL of NAS over Ni/TiO2 sugge...

In this paper, assessment of liquefaction of soils by various approaches have been reviewed and presented in chronological order. The study focuses on procedural requirements and assessment for conventional and computational methods. Simplified method given by Seed, Tokimatsu-Yoshimi (T-Y) and Idriss & Boulanger methods of liquefaction assessmenthave been analyzed. Computational methods like ar...

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the microwave-assisted direct liquefaction of Sargassum polycystum C.Agardh in ethylene glycol (EG) with H(2)SO(4) as a catalyst. Based on the results of single factor experiments, EG-to-feedstock ratio, temperature and catalyst content were chosen as independent variables for a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The optimal liquef...