AIM To determine an influence of alpha-lipoic acid to reduction of body weight and regulation of total cholesterol concentration, triglycerides and glucose serum levels in obese patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. METHODS A prospective study includes two groups of obese patients with diabetes mellitus and signs of peripheral polyneuropathia: examined group (30 patients; 15 females and 15 ...

The present study offers results of analysis concerning the course of reaction between reduced α-lipoic acid (LA) and 2-chloro-1-methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate (CMQT). In water environments, the reaction between CMQT and hydrophilic thiols proceeds very rapidly and the resultant products are stable. For the described analysis, optimum reaction conditions, such as concentration of the reduc...

A cytotoxic product of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), rapidly inhibited glycine, malate/pyruvate, and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent O2 consumption by pea leaf mitochondria. Dose- and time-dependence of inhibition showed that glycine oxidation was the most severely affected with a K(0.5) of 30 microm. Several mitochondrial proteins containing lipoic acid moieties differentially lost t...

Previous research has established that 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a highly toxic product of lipid peroxidation, is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration. HNE exerts its effects on respiration by inhibiting alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH). Because of the central role of KGDH in metabolism and emerging evidence that free radicals contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction associat...

ALA exhibits this activity in both the reduced and oxidated forms. Lipoic acid is a racemic mixture. The redox couple α-lipoic/dihydrolipoic acid containing the R-enantiomer is covalently bound to a lysine residue, forming an essential lipoamide, which functions as a co-enzyme for the E2 subunit of four multi-enzymatic mitochondrial complexes, for example pyruvate dehydrogenase [1-6]. After adm...

Ascorbic acid recycling from dehydroascorbic acid and biosynthesis from gulono-1,4-lactone were used as measures of cellular response capacity to increased oxidative stress induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide. The hepatic ascorbic acid concentration was 54% lower in cells from old rats when compared to cells isolated from young rats (P<0.0005). Freshly isolated hepatocytes from old rats exhibite...

Bexon & Dawes (1970) reported that Zymomonas anaerobia NCIB 8227 grew in either amino acid or ammonium salt medium with glucose as the energy source, if supplemented with lipoic acid or biotin. Subsequently M. J. S. Dadds and P. A. Martin (unpublished observations) observed that calcium pantothenate supported growth of 2. anaerobia, but neither lipoic acid nor biotin did. The vitamin requiremen...