Sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1 is a membrane-bound transcription factor that regulates the expression of several genes involved in cellular fatty acid synthesis in the peripheral tissues, including liver. Although SREBP-1 is expressed in brain, little is known about its function. The aim of the present study was to clarify the characteristics of SREBP-1 mRNA expression in r...

The flavones apigenin (4',5,7,-trihydroxyflavone) and luteolin (3',4',5,7,-tetrahydroxyflavone) are plant secondary metabolites with antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anticancer activities. We evaluated their impact on cell signaling pathways related to insulin-resistance and type 2 diabetes. Apigenin and luteolin were identified in our U-2 OS (human osteosarcoma) cell screening assay for micr...

The effect of anti-follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) on testicular lipid and the specific activity of testicular enzymes of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), pyruvate/malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and malic enzyme involved in lipogenesis were studied in mature bonnet monkeys, Macaca radiata. Immunization of monkey with anti-FSH for 24 days did not produce any significant changes in the body ...

Rainbow trout has a limited ability to utilize digestible carbohydrates efficiently. Trout feeds generally contain high levels of DHA, a fatty acid known to inhibit a number of glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes in animals. A study was conducted to determine whether carbohydrate utilization by rainbow trout might be affected by dietary DHA level. Two low-carbohydrate (<4 % digestible carbohydrate...

The hoof digital cushion is a complex structure composed of adipose tissue beneath the distal phalanx, i.e. axial, middle and abaxial fat pad. The major role of these fat depots is dampening compression of the corium underneath the cushion. The study aimed to determine expression of target genes and fatty acid profiles in the hoof of non-pregnant dry Holstein cows fed low (CON) or high-energy (...

............................................................... 4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS............................................. 5 ABBREVIATIONS....................................................... 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................. 8 INTRODUCTION........................................................ 10 GENERAL INTRODUCTION..................................

Introduction Several non-digestible but fermentable dietary carbohydrates are able to regulate lipaemia, and mainly triglyeridaemia. Among them, oligofructose (OFS), a mixture of non-digestible/fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides, is able to decrease triacylglycerols (TAGs) in very-low-density lipoproteins W D L ) when it is given in the diet of rats. The triglycerides-lowering action of OFS is...

Glucose uptake into adipose and liver cells is known to up-regulate mRNA levels for various lipogenic enzymes such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). To determine whether the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) mediates glucose regulation of mRNA expression, we treated primary cultured adipocytes for 18 h with insulin (25 ng/ml) and either glucose (20 mm) or glucos...

OBJECTIVE Given the pleiotropic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), it is interesting to know whether EPA is capable of improving obesity. Here we examined the anti-obesity effect of EPA in mice with two distinct models of obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (25.0% [w/w] fat, 32.5% [w/w] sucrose) (HF/HS group) or a high-fat diet (38...