INTRODUCTION In Taiwan, severe enteroviral infections must be reported to the government within 24 hours to ensure that severe enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections can be detected early. The objective of this research was to ascertain whether over-reporting is a problem in mandatory disease-reporting systems. METHODOLOGY A multiyear cross-sectional study methodology was applied based on secondary...

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) frequently causes fatal infections in young children in Asia. In 2011, EV71 epidemics occurred in southern Vietnam. We conducted genetic and antigenic analysis of the EV71 isolates and found that 94% of them were genotype C4a related to two lineages circulating in China and 6% were genotype C5 which have circulated in Vietnam since 2003. Antigenic variants were not detecte...

Integrin linked kinase (ILK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase implicated in the phosphatidylinositol 3’kinase (PI3’K) pathway. Integrin linked kinase has been investigated in different organisms such as mammalian systems (human, mice, rat), insects (Drosophila) and nematodes (Cenorhabditis elegans), however to date little data regarding ILK research on amphibians has been reported. In...

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) outbreaks occur periodically in the Asia-Pacific region. In 2006, Brunei reported its first major outbreak of EV71 infections, associated with fatalities from neurologic complications. Isolated EV71 strains formed a distinct lineage with low diversity within subgenogroup B5, suggesting recent introduction and rapid spread within Brunei.