PURPOSE We compared three rat strains to determine if different strains develop early-stage diabetic retinopathy or sensory neuropathy at different rates. METHODS Sprague Dawley, Lewis, and Wistar rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin. Diabetic and nondiabetic animals had retinal vascular pathology measured at eight months of diabetes. The number of cells in the retinal ganglion cell la...

By employing a chiral Lewis base as the catalyst, enantioselective hydrosilylation of N-(1,2-diarylethylidene)arylamines was realized. The reactions proceeded smoothly to afford various chiral 1,2-diarylethanamines with good yields (up to 99%) in good enantioselectivities (up to 98%). Furthermore, one of the products was employed in the synthesis of a pharmaceutical substance.

The rate of capping and shedding of cross-linked surface immunoglobulins (SIg) was slower in old Lewis rats (greater than 24 mo) than in young Lewis rats (3-4 mo). Analysis of spleen cell populations with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter indicated that with aging there was a loss of cells with a high density of SIg. Cells with the highest density of SIg capped and shed cross-linked SIg fa...

The Lewis blood group and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) related antigens have adhesive functions in human tissues, with roles in embryonic sorting and migration of cells (organogenesis), differentiation and protection of normal mucosal tissues, migration of neutrophils, bacterial binding, and tumour differentiation and dissemination. In the key areas of mucosal protection, neutrophil binding, ...

Thermodynamic evidence for the selective Ca(2+)-mediated self-aggregation via carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions of gold glyconanoparticles functionalized with the disaccharides lactose (lacto-Au) and maltose (malto-Au), or the biologically relevant trisaccharide Lewis X (Le(X)-Au), was obtained by isothermal titration calorimetry. The aggregation process was also directly visualized by ato...

We established a new congenic model of hypertension, the mRen(2). Lewis rat and assessed the intracellular expression of angiotensin peptides and receptors in the kidney. The congenic strain was established from the backcross of the (mRen2)27 transgenic rat that expresses the mouse renin 2 gene onto the Lewis strain. The 20-wk-old male congenic rats were markedly hypertensive compared with the ...

Bei Betrachtung der geometrischen und elektronischen Struktur des Tris(pentafluorethyl)silanids erscheint das Anion auf den ersten Blick als Lewis-Base. Quantenmechanischen Rechnungen zufolge liegen die HOMO- LUMO-Energien von Perfluoralkylsilaniden deutlich niedriger nicht fluorierter Derivate. Dies hat eine geringere Lewis-Basizität zugleich erhöhte Lewis-Acidität [Si(C2F5)3]−-Ions zur Folge....

What sorts of properties should we use in building our conception of the way the world is? David Lewis offers one answer to this question; Robert Stalnaker offers another. Lewis suggests a reductionist picture, according to which we should strive to build our conception of the way the world is on the basis of fundamental (or ‘perfectly natural’) properties. Fundamental properties, according to ...