medical ethics is a realm where four important subjects of philosophy, medicine, theology and law are covered. physicians and philosophers cooperation in this area will have great efficiency in the respective ethical rules formation. in addition to respect the autonomy of the patient, physician's obligation is to ensure that the medical intervention has benefit for the patient and the harm is m...

in an international connection which different factors of legal relation were spread in different countries, bringing of several actions with the same object in different countries court was completely probable. each party with various reasons seeks litigation in a court which provides their interest in better way. however parallel litigation in it he same object impose burdensome charges on li...

To what extent does the formal institutional environment influence Islamic bank capital decisions? We answer this question by assessing effect of legal rule index on a sample 100 banks in 28 countries from 1999 to 2013. Our econometric analyses show that positively and significantly influences ratios. The results can be explained idea effective rules incentivize hold higher ratios signal better...