INTRODUCTION The dictionary is one of the common learning tools for second and foreign language learners. Various types of dictionaries are used to help learners work on their language development. A bilingual dictionary is often the first dictionary that a foreign language learner encounters. A study conducted on dictionary usage in seven European countries, including over 1,100 learners of En...

Spoken language and learned song are complex communication behaviors found in only a few species, including humans and three groups of distantly related birds--songbirds, parrots, and hummingbirds. Despite their large phylogenetic distances, these vocal learners show convergent behaviors and associated brain pathways for vocal communication. However, it is not clear whether this behavioral and ...

abstractthis study investigated the effect of digital games on vocabulary acquisition of low-proficiency iranian male and female efl learners. in order to select homogeneous learners in terms of their english language proficiency, the standard nelson proficiency test was administered, and based on the obtained results, 60 low-proficiency efl learners were selected (31 females and 29 males). the...

It has been argued that the reuse of educational resources will contribute to the development of economies of scale in which users, both learners and teachers, can create, source, and share knowledge and information. Central to this objective are Learning Object Repositories (LORs) that can support resource reuse within and across learning communities. The uptake and use of LORs by communities ...

The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) has provided a complex and comprehensive system of provisions for scholarly text encoding. Although a major focus of the ‘digital humanities’ domain, and despite much teaching effort by the TEI community, there is a lack of teaching materials available, which would encourage the adoption of the TEI’s recommendations and the widespread use of its text encoding ...

In the present study we aimed to investigate phonological substitution errors made by hearing second language (M2L2) learners of American Sign Language (ASL) during a sentence translation task. Learners saw sentences in ASL that were signed by either a native signer or a M2L2 learner. Learners were to simply translate the sentence from ASL to English. Learners’ responses were analysed for lexic...

This study aims to analyze university students’ learning strategies preferred in the knowledge creation process and academic achievement according to their learning styles in a cyber learning environment. The participants of this study were 196 university students who attended cyber lecture classes in C University in Korea, and the research instruments were Felder-Silverman’s learning styles in...

total concentrations of mineral elements in soil bear little relation to their availability for plants. the dgt (diffusive gradients in thin-films) technique has been found to be a good predictor of trace metals, micronutrients, phosphorous and potassium bio-availability and uptake. in the dgt technique, elements are accumulated on a binding gel after their diffusive transport through a hydroge...