This paper presents a system that extracts 109 musical features from symbolic recordings (MIDI, in this case) and uses them to classify the recordings by genre. The features used here are based on instrumentation, texture, rhythm, dynamics, pitch statistics, melody and chords. The classification is performed hierarchically using different sets of features at different levels of the hierarchy. W...

Wood performs several essential functions in plants, including mechanically supporting aboveground tissue, storing water and other resources, and transporting sap. Woody tissues are likely to face physiological, structural and defensive trade-offs. How a plant optimizes among these competing functions can have major ecological implications, which have been under-appreciated by ecologists compar...

This paper compares various algorithms that are used for plant classification based on leaf images are presented. The paper reviews the main computational, morphological and image processing methods that have been formulated in recent years. At the end, we conclude with the ongoing work in the present area and the other existing problems in the area. The automatic digital plant classification c...

The three-dimensional (3D) morphological structure of wheat directly reflects the interrelationship among genetics, environments, and cropping systems. However, complexity limits its rapid accurate 3D modelling. We have developed a modelling method that is based on progression from skeletons to mesh models. Firstly, we identified five parameters describe leaf features amounts digitizing data at...

To assess the role of auxin flows in plant vascular patterning, the development of vascular systems under conditions of inhibited auxin transport was analyzed. In Arabidopsis, nearly identical responses evoked by three auxin transport inhibitor substances revealed an enormous plasticity of the vascular pattern and suggest an involvement of auxin flows in determining the sites of vascular differ...