Meaningful evaluation of the heart is predicated on a sound knowledge of normal anatomy, physiology, and breed variations and adherence to principles of standardized technique and positioning to eliminate non-pathologic variables. Digital radiography has helped improve radiographic technique but appropriate animal positioning remains critical. The ribs and spine should be penetrated well enough...

We present a lab that enables students to test the role of genes involved in the regulation of lateral roots growth in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, students design an experiment that follows the effects of the hormone auxin on the stimulation of genes involved in the formation of lateral root initials. These genes, known as lateral organ boundary domain containing protein (LBD) g...

The purpose of this investigation was to create a flatfoot model and reconstruct the deformity with a novel static medial ligamentous complex (MLC) and to evaluate its ability to correct talar head subluxation and the radiographic flatfoot deformity. Four pairs of matched cadaveric specimens were sectioned to create a severe flatfoot model. Cyclic preconditioning and axial loading was applied t...

Background: Exposure of the insertion site of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is important for appropriate tunnel placement in ACL reconstruction surgery. However, observing the femoral ACL insertion site via the standard anterolateral portal is sometimes difficult. In this study, we compared views of the femoral ACL insertion site between 30-degree and the 45-degree arthroscopes. Methods:...

Study Design Retrospective. Purpose To analyze whether the cross-sectional area of the intervertebral foramen at the outermost edge of the resection site is associated with postoperative outcomes and whether our fluoroscopic method for determining the resection area is appropriate. Overview of Literature There is no consensus on the criteria for determining an optimal resection area to obta...

This paper presents a review of recent developments and trends in vehicle lateral (steering) monitoring and control research. By scanning the highly multidisciplinary and quickly developing research in this area, this paper explains the initiatives and prime techniques applied with an emphasis on steering observer and controller design. Specially, some important vehicle steering controller desi...

OBJECTIVE To make a comparative analysis on three femoropatellar radiographic parameters, between knees with chronic failure of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and normal knees. METHODS Thirty volunteer patients with a diagnosis of unilateral isolated chronic ACL injury for more than one year and a normal contralateral knee were selected. Digital radiographs were produced for all the pat...

OBJECTIVE To perform a retrospective radiographic assessment of the reduction and implant position in the femoral head in patients with pertrochanteric fractures treated with cephalomedullary nailing in the lateral position versus traction table. METHODS Radiographs of patients with pertrochanteric fracture of the femur treated with cephalomedullary nailing in the lateral position and tractio...

OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic findings of ultrasonography and radiography in nasal fractures. DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In this prospective study, 63 patients (23 female and 40 male; mean age, 26.8 years) with clinical signs of a nasal bone fracture were investigated. All patients underwent radiography (lateral view of the nose plus occipitomental view) and ultrasonography (10-MH...

A new species of freshwater crab, Kingsleya celioi, from the Brazilian Amazon (Pará State) is described and illustrated. The new species can be easily separated from their congeners by a suite of morphological characters, including the apical plate of the first gonopod large, widest medially in abdominal view, with single large spine-like outgrowth in midlength of mesial margin; distal, proxima...