We tested the involvement of ethylene in maize (Zea mays L.) root gravitropism by measuring the kinetics of curvature and lateral auxin movement in roots treated with ethylene, inhibitors of ethylene synthesis, or inhibitors of ethylene action. In the presence of ethylene the latent period of gravitropic curvature appeared to be increased somewhat. However, ethylene-treated roots continued to...

The plant's root system is highly plastic, and can respond to environmental stimuli such as high nitrogen (N) in patches. A root may respond to an N patch by selective placement of new lateral roots, and therewith increases root N uptake. This may be a desirable trait in breeding programmes, since it decreases NO3(-) leaching and N2O emission. Roots of maize (Zea mays L.) were grown without N i...

objective: root canal obturation is an important step in endodontic therapy aiming at achieving a complete three-dimensional seal of the canal and preventing microleakage, reentry or growth of microorganisms in the root canal system. several techniques and materials are available for root canal filling. achieving an apical seal is among the most important characteristics of filling materials. t...

this report describes the non-surgical treatment of an invaginated maxillary lateral incisor with two fused roots. the mesial root had a c-shaped canal, while the distal one had a type iii dens invagination. cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) was used to help with the diagnosis and treatment decision making. clinical and radiographic follow-up revealed satisfactory periapical repair and absen...

Lateral canals establish connection between the main root canal and periodontal ligament. The necrotic tissues and bacteria residing in the lateral canals are difficult to remove by mechanical and chemical cleaning and this influences filling the root canal efficiently and the outcome of the root canal therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the filling of artificially prepared lateral c...

rhizotoxicity by reducing Al activity through increased solution ionic strength and increased competition beAluminum-tolerant germplasm is needed to overcome subsurface tween Ca and Al at binding sites external to the plasacidity constraints to root growth and plant access to water and nutrients. Root elongation of four soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genomalema (Kinraide and Parker, 1987). Ot...

Paramedian sagittal MR images and cryotome sections in four cadavers were correlated with eight clinical MR studies to analyze the appearance of the C1 and C2 nerve roots and adjacent tissue. The C2 nerve roots and anatomically related venous plexus were identified. The C1 root, although not visualized by MR, could be localized by its relation to the vertebral artery, C1 lateral mass, and poste...

The patterns of the anterior lateral-line afferents of Lampetra fluviatilis as revealed by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase are described. The afferents form two roots in entering the rhombencephalon. Fibers of the dorsalmost root can be traced to a short dorsal fascicle which runs along the dorsal nucleus. The ventral roots form two fascicles adjacent to the nucleus intermed...