The ability to learn new tasks rapidly is a prominent characteristic of human behaviour. This ability relies on flexible cognitive systems that adapt in order to encode temporary programs for processing non-automated tasks. Previous functional imaging studies have revealed distinct roles for the lateral frontal cortices (LFCs) and the ventral striatum in intentional learning processes. However,...

The general organization of cholinergic and nitrergic elements in the central nervous system seems to be highly conserved among vertebrates, with the involvement of these neurotransmitter systems now well established in sensory, motor and cognitive processing. The goldfish is a widely used animal model in neuroanatomical, neurophysiological, and behavioral research. The purpose of this study wa...

A comparison between two known strategies of modeling lap joint interfaces, namely, zero-thickness and thin layer interface theories and their associated updating procedures, is made. Finite element...

Birds follow the “island rule”, under which small-bodied forms tend to get larger on islands and large-bodied forms tend to get smaller. The traditional explanation for larger island relatives of small-bodied forms is based on ecological release on islands: islands support relatively few species, interspecific competition thus is weak, selection therefore favors niche expansion and ecological g...

This paper presents a simple approach for load flow analysis of a radial distribution network. The proposed approach utilizes forward and backward sweep algorithm based on Kirchoff’s current law (KCL) and Kirchoff’s voltage law (KVL) for evaluating the node voltages iteratively. In this approach, computation of branch current depends only on the current injected at the neighbouring node and the...

BACKGROUND Surgeons, in general, underestimate the replaced left hepatic artery (rLHA) that arises from the left gastric artery (LGA), compared with the replaced right hepatic artery (rRHA), especially in standard gastric cancer surgery. During pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), preservation of the rRHA arising from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is widely accepted to prevent critical postoper...

OBJECTIVES To describe the split hump technique (SHT) and to examine its effectiveness for correction of an overprojected nasal dorsum in patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty. METHODS This prospective study included 97 patients. Objective assessment was performed using a short, practical questionnaire. Investigation focused on nasal patency and the patient perception of body image in rel...