How and when the Pamir formed remains an open question. This study explores tectonics recorded in a sedimentary section eastern Tajik Basin. A prominent lithofacies change that has been recognised regionally is assigned to middle Miocene (13.5 Ma based on preferred magnetostratigraphic correlation). Closely following this change, detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra mudstone bulk-rock εNd values ex...

Fossil plants provide data on climate, community composition and structure, all of which are relevant to the definition and recognition of biomes. Macrofossils reflect local vegetation, whereas pollen assemblages sample a larger area. The earliest solid evidence for angiosperm tropical rainforest in Africa is based primarily on Late Eocene to Late Oligocene (ca. 39-26 Myr ago) pollen assemblage...

The development of the Ethiopian biogeographic realm since the late Miocene is here explored with the presentation and review of fossil evidence from eastern Africa. Prostrepsiceros cf. vinayaki and an unknown species of possible caprin affinity are described from the hominid-bearing Asa Koma and Kuseralee Members (∼5.7 and ∼5.2 Ma) of the Middle Awash, Ethiopia. The Middle Awash Prostrepsicero...

Five camelid trackways from Arizona and New Mexico are described. Two trackways from the Bear Springs Badland (early Blancan) of Graham County, Arizona, represent a large camel, possibly Camelops or Megatylopus, and a medium-sized camel, possibly Hemiauchenia or Pleiolama. We also describe three camelid trackways from New Mexico. A medial Miocene (late Barstsovian) trackway from the Benavidez R...

Within the Central Andes of NW Argentina, spatiotemporal distribution and style deformation is strongly influenced by pre-Cenozoic heterogeneities, mostly related to Salta rift extension in Cretaceous. At enigmatic junction thin-skinned Subandean belt thick-skinned Santa Barbara System, Tilcara Range adjacent San Lucas block, located within Eastern Cordillera, show thermochronological field evi...

A new species, Eostyloceros hezhengensis sp. nov., is established based on a skull with its cranial appendages collected from the Late Miocene Liushu Formation of the Linxia Basin in Gansu Province, northwestern China. It is a large-sized muntjak with a distinct longitudinal ridge along the lateral margin of the frontal bone that joins the antler pedicle. The pedicle is short, cylindrical, robu...