As wild fish stocks decline worldwide, land-based fish rearing is likely to be of increasing relevance to feeding future human generations. Little is known about the structure and role of microbial communities in fish aquaculture, particularly at larval developmental stages where the fish microbiome develops and host animals are most susceptible to disease. We employed next-generation sequencin...

Fish larvae require high densities of appropriately sized prey items for their survival and recruitment. It has been widely assumed that inundated floodplains are the major source of high densities of prey in floodplain rivers. This study examined the density and distribution of both pelagic and epibenthic meiofauna in a range of potential larval fish nursery habitats within the main channel of...

The Pax-6 gene encodes a transcription factor essential for eye development in a wide range of animal phyla. In order to elucidate a possible role of Pax-6 in the eye regression of a blind cave form of the freshwater fish Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae, Teleostei) we investigated the expression of Pax-6 in eyes and brains of different larval stages by in situ hybridization. Pattern, strength, a...

Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) is one of the most commercially important fish in North Gulf region, Iraq particular. It's stocks were critically endangered. The study showed semi-artificial spawning. mature brooders collected from region corresponding to Khor Al-Zubair. semiartificial spawning was done by mixing sperm and ova live fish. It found that fishes afternoon suitable for This resea...

One of the principal purposes of studying the nervous system is t o correlate the observed gross and microscopic structure with the dynamic activity of the animal, that is, its behavior patterns. Coordinated swimming movements, feeding, and schooling can be observed in larval fish as soon as the neural pathways, sensory and motor, are sufficiently developed. On the other hand, mating and spawni...

Elevated carbon dioxide (CO(2)) has recently been shown to affect chemosensory and auditory behaviour, and activity levels of larval reef fishes, increasing their risk of predation. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes are unknown. Behavioural lateralization is an expression of brain functional asymmetries, and thus provides a unique test of the hypothesis that elevated CO(2) affect...

In larval damselflies, the self-amputation (autotomy) of the caudal lamellae permits escape from predatory larval dragonflies. Lamellar joint size declines among populations with increasing risk of dragonfly predation, but the breaking force required for autotomy and the biomechanical factors that influence breaking force are unknown. If autotomy enhances survival in larval damselflies, then pr...

The first case of intestinal anisakiasis in North America is described. This parasitic disease is recognized as a public health hazard in Japan and Europe. Man becomes infected with a larval form of the nematode Anisakis by consuming raw or undercooked fish containing the parasite. Typically, patients present with acute abdominal syndromes. Clinical and reontgenographic features may cause confu...

Catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Amazon River Basin serve important ecological and economic roles in structuring foodwebs, transferring nutrients and providing food resources for human populations. Large-scale developments such as construction of the Interoceanic Highway and associated proposed hydroelectric facilities could lead to alterations in river hydrology and aquatic ecosyst...