this study investigated the effects of land size and two leased and private farming systems of machinery on economic efficiency and factors such as total production cost per hectare (ratio of total cost of agricultural inputs and operations to farm size), total income (ratio of product and byproduct value to farm size), yield (ratio of crop production to farm size) and degree of mechanization f...

In this paper we develop a new approach for land leveling in order to improve the topology of a large area for irrigation or civil projects. The objective in proposed model is to minimize the total volume of cutting so that technical requirements of land leveling such as suitable slope and standard ratio of cutting to filling and maximum penstock point’s height are considered. We develop a warp...

intercropping is considered for increasing and stability of yield in per unit. in order to evaluating the effect of corn/soybean intercrop in different planting dates, a study was carried out in agricultural sciences and natural resources, university of sari, faculty of agriculture during 2005-2006. the experiment was a split plot design based on randomized complete block design with four repli...

in order to investigate the effects of row intercropping of bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) with borage (borago officinalis l.) on its ecological characteristics such as weed and insect diversity, composition and density and their yield and evaluating of the best strip width, a field experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the agricultural rese...

in order to study the effect of inter cropping (blend) of three sesame (sesamum indicum l.) cultivars (sabzevar, kashmar, kalat) an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on complete randomized block desing with 3 replications at research farm ferdowsi university in 2009. the experimental treatments were obtained: sole cultivation of sabzevar, kalat, kashmar, and their mixed crops (1. sa...

to study the mutual interfering effects between cucumber and celery itercropping, along with the effect of planting density and pattern on yield of cucumber and as well, on celery, an experiment was carried out during 2006 in the horticultural fields of tehran university. the experiment was performed, employing a complete randomized block design of fifteen treatments, each in three replications...

Carbon finance offers the potential to change land management and conservation planning priorities. We develop a novel approach to planning for improved land management to conserve biodiversity while utilizing potential revenue from carbon biosequestration. We apply our approach in northern Australia's tropical savanna, a region of global significance for biodiversity and carbon storage, both o...

Annual revenue flow to developing countries for ecotourism (or nature-based tourism) could be as large as US$ 210×10(12), providing an enormous financial incentive against habitat loss and exploitation. However, is ecotourism the most privately and/or socially valuable use of rainforest land? The question is rarely answered because the relevant data, estimates of profits and fixed costs, are ra...

[1] Accurate estimation of the characteristics of the winter snowpack is crucial for prediction of available water supply, flooding, and climate feedbacks. Remote sensing of snow has been most successful for quantifying the spatial extent of the snowpack, although satellite estimation of snow water equivalent (SWE), fractional snow covered area, and snow depth is improving. Here we show that GP...

this paper considers the potential problems that may militate against the adoption of organic poultry production in nigeria. factors identified include: higher risk of diseases like coccidiosis and newcastle disease, disease prevention and control / herd health management, disease containment in times of outbreak, land acquisition (land tenure system), market economies / cost-benefit ratio, pas...