A chimeric bifunctional enzyme composing of galactose dehydrogenase (galDH; from Pseudomonas fluorescens) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; from Bacillus stearothermophilus) was successfully constructed. The chimeric galDH/LDH possessed dual characteristics of both galactose dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities while exhibiting hexameric rearrangement with a molecular weight of appr...

The rate of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity measured through the conventional coupled assay with malate dehydrogenase is underestimated due to the instability of oxaloacetate, which undergoes partial decarboxylation into pyruvate in the presence of metal ions. The addition of lactate dehydrogenase to the conventional assay allows the reduction of pyruvate formed from oxaloacetate to la...

Background and Aims: Cells and secreted molecules by the innate immune system are the essential factors in the pathogenesis and determining the severity of inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Severe inflammation results from increased activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells with their products. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increases the severity an...

Testis-specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-C₄) is one of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes that catalyze the terminal reaction of pyruvate to lactate in the glycolytic pathway. LDH-C₄ in mammals was previously thought to be expressed only in spermatozoa and testis and not in other tissues. Plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) belongs to the genus Ochotona of the Ochotonidea family. It is a ...

Hydroxyacid dehydrogenases are responsible for the conversion of 2-keto acids to 2-hydroxyacids and have a wide range of biotechnological applications. In this study, a D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH) from a Sporolactobacillus inulinus strain was experimentally verified to have both the D-LDH and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities (reversible deamination). The catalytic mechanism was demo...

Active amino acid transport in Stajhylococcus aureus U-71 membrane vesicles is coupled to either cy-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase or L-lactate dehydrogenase depending upon the growth conditions of the parent cells. Vesicles prepared from cells grown on gluconate as a primary carbon source exhibit an absolute specificity for a-glycerol phosphate as a physiological electron donor for transport...

Under anoxic conditions the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii activates various fermentation pathways leading to the creation of formate, acetate, ethanol and small amounts of other metabolites including d-lactate and hydrogen. Progress has been made in identifying the enzymes involved in these pathways and their subcellular locations; however, the identity of the enzyme involved in reducing...

Results of previous studies suggested a role of mitochondria in intracellular and cell-cell lactate shuttles. Therefore, by using a rat-derived L6 skeletal muscle cell line and confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM), we examined the cellular locations of mitochondria, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the lactate-pyruvate transporter MCT1, and CD147, a purported chaperone protein for MCT1. CLSM s...