alternative theoretical perspectives have been presented to explain internationally effective factors affecting immigration. for example, the orthodox explanation of migration is based on the concept of wage differentials as an important factor of international immigration. the world system approach declines to interpret theoretically international migration as a phenomenon between independent ...

The Correlates of Work in a Post-AFDC World: The Results from a Longitudinal State-Level Analysis Much of the research that has followed welfare reform and new policies such as the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) has focused on identifying the variations in how different states have put the new policy into practice. Less is known however, about how this new policy affects the abi...

where H and L are, respectively, the amount of skill and the amount of unskilled labor used in production, and α is a parameter describing the nature of the technology. We assume that the production function exhibits constant returns with respect to the two inputs together but diminishing returns with respect to each individual input. This formulation also imposes the restriction that all level...

Despite a continuing interest in the compared efficiency of labor-managed and conventional firms, only a handful of comparative empirical studies exist. These studies suggest that labor-managed firms have the same productivity levels as conventional ones, but organize production differently. However, the data used in these studies cover a single industry, or firms matched by industry and size i...

I document that workers in newly tradable service occupations possess more occupationspecific human capital and are more highly educated than workers in previously tradable occupations. Motivated by this observation, I develop a dynamic equilibrium model with labor market frictions and specific human capital to study the labor adjustment process after a trade shock. When calibrated to match the...

Determining the factors affecting economic growth for countries is of significant interest to the macroeconomist. In his classic article from 1956, Robert Solow proposed the model that has since become the modern standard for economic development models. His growth model, the Solow growth model, assumes a neoclassical production function with diminishing returns to capital, i.e. total income Y ...

In the initial models of economic growth, economic factors entered in to models but in the following models, non-economic factors entered in to models. Many broad studies were done on this subject by the economists, and already considerable results were obtained. Subjects such as corruption in the administrative bodies were new variables entering the literature of economic growth at that stage....

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We thank reviewers from the Committee on Population at the National Academy of Sciences for useful comments. We also thank Vijaya Ramachandran for excellent research assistance and for especially helpful discussions and suggestions. The research reported here is part of the NBER's research program in Labor Studies. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors and not those of the National Bu...