First I emphasize the magnetospheric loop current system induced by the wind activity. Next, I address the formation of the fieldaligned electric field. An interesting aspect is the reaction of the inner magnetosphere to an induced current. In the traditional outer gap, the current running through the gap is all carried by the particles created in the gap. However, if external current-carrying ...

Adding β-glycosidase into grape wine for enhancing aroma was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Kramer sensory evaluation. Compared with the extract from control wines, the extract from enzyme-treated wines increased more aromatic compounds using steam distillation extraction (SDE) and GC-MS analyses. Theses aromatic compounds were as follows: 3-methyl-1-butanol...

In their anthology, Olaf Kramer and Markus Gottschling demonstrate that a closer look at rhetoric as both the technique analytical tool concerned with persuasion can open up new perspectives on science communication for scientists well practitioners.