The underlying etiology of anterior knee pain has been extensively studied. Despite many possible causes, often times the diagnosis is elusive. The most common causes in the young athlete are osteosynchondroses, patellar peritendinitis and tendinosis, synovial impingement, malalignment, and patellar instability. Less common causes are osteochondritis dissecans and tumors. It is always important...

The prevalence of varus knee malalignment among junior and adult football players (FP) has proven to be higher compared other sports. No causal relationship yet been found, as genu varum can assumed an independent risk factor for the development osteoarthritis. purpose this study is compare alignment measurements sport-specific data adolescent referees (REF). Knee was detected by measuring inte...

We present a rational, scientific, low-risk approach to patellofemoral pain (anterior knee pain) based on an understanding of tissue homeostasis. Loss of tissue homeostasis from overload and/or injury produces pain. Bone overload and synovial inflammation are common sources of such pain. Chondromalacia and malalignment are findings that almost always do not need to be "corrected" to relieve pai...

Modern total knee arthroplasty is effective at treating the pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. The number of total knee replacements done in the USA continues to increase. Despite the great care taken during all of these procedures, some patients remain dissatisfied with their outcome. While this dissatisfaction is likely multifactorial, malalignment of the prosthetic component...

A 33-year-old Caucasian woman came to our attention complaining of lateral knee pain on the left side, severe external instability associated with varus malalignment, and difficulties in weight-bearing activities. The symptoms had appeared following two lateral meniscectomies on her discoid meniscus, performed elsewhere. The patient was initially submitted to an allograft meniscus transplantati...

Despite the increasing popularity of nonorthopaedic treatment alternatives for children with cerebral palsy, bony and soft-tissue surgery remains a common component in the management of ambulatory patients. Multisite simultaneous tendon surgery provides improvement in gait by addressing hip, knee, and ankle contractures together. Careful preoperative physical examination is required; computeriz...

BACKGROUND Knee valgus and varus morbidity is at the second top place in children lower limb deformity diseases. It may cause abnormal stress distribution. The magnitude and location of contact forces on tibia plateau during gait cycle have been indicated as markers for risk of osteoarthritis. So far, few studies reported the contact stress and force distribution on tibial plateau of valgus kne...

  Background: Proper rotation of components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) will largely affect the postoperative outcome. Ethnical variation may affect rotational profile. We aimed to evaluate distal femur rotation in Iranian population using transepicondylar axes.   Methods : From a total of 450 knee CT scans and via consecutive sampling, 150 qualified subjects with normal lower extremities ...

Introduction Diagnostic evaluation of the musculoskeletal system has traditionally been based on medical history, physical examination, and x-rays (techniques that provide limited information), and more recently on computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (both very expensive). Ultrasound, a non-invasive and less expensive method, has become an indispensable tool for diagnos...