BACKGROUND Strengthening the macrophage glutathione redox buffer reduces macrophage content and decreases the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in LDL receptor-deficient (LDLR(-/-)) mice, but the underlying mechanisms were not clear. This study examined the effect of metabolic stress on the thiol redox state, chemotactic activity in vivo, and the recruitment of macrophages into atheroscleroti...

yglutamyl amino acids and for glutathione. Transport of y-glutamylmethionine is associated with markedly increased renal 5-oxoproline formation, indicating that transported dipeptide serves as a substrate of intracellular yglutamylcyclotransferase (R. J. Bridges & A. Meister, unpublished work). Previous investigations showed that renal 5-oxoproline levels are significantly elevated after admini...

Free radicals and associated oxidative stress induced by alloxan are implicated in eliciting pathological changes in diabetes mellitus. Terminalia arjuna bark, an indigenous plant used in ayurvedic medicine in India, primarily as a cardiotonic is also used in treating diabetes, anemia, tumors and hypertension. The present study examined the effect of ethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg body we...

Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC), an extract derived from fungi of Basidiomycetes family has been shown to act as a biological response modifier in various disorders. In our present study, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), which generates hydroxyl radicals in vivo, was given intraperitoneally to rats and AHCC was tested for its ability to suppress oxidative stress and the activity of o...

Tumor cells, unlike normal cells, are characterized by trace cystathionase (CST) activity and sulfane sulfur levels. The present studies aimed to established whether cystathionine (CT), a substrate of cystathionase, can selectively influence the thiol-dependent antioxidant power of the kidney and Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT). CT treatment reversed the changes in renal concentrations of non-prote...

The 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) is an organochlorine pesticide that persists in the environment and has a risk to human health. We investigated whether p,p'-DDT-induces nephrotoxicity in rats and whether oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of this process. Male rats received the pesticide at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg for 10 days. Renal d...

Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine are a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, neural tube defects, and Alzheimer's disease. The transsulfuration pathway converts homocysteine to cysteine, and approximately 50% of the cysteine in glutathione is derived from homocysteine in human liver cells, which suggests the hypothesis that defects in the transsulfuration pathway perturb redox homeosta...

Oxidative stress has been postulated to play important roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic subjects. Although the possible role of oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the etiology of atherosclerosis has been studied extensively, the turnover of endogenous antioxidants, which is an important protection system against oxidative stress,...

Abstract Background The probable mechanism of an earlier reported capacity palm oil extracts to confer protection against high dose cadmium poisoning in rats was this study. Similar experimental design by us retained. Rats therefore were sacrificed at intervals twelve; twenty four and forty eight hours post CdCl 2 insult. Results Oxidative stress antioxidant status (malondialdehyde, superoxide ...