We investigate the evolutionary history of the wide-ranging Nearctic treefrog Hyla arenicolor through the integration of extensive range-wide sampling, phylogenetic analyses of multilocus genetic data, and divergence dating. Previous phylogeographic studies of this frog documented a potential signature of introgressive hybridization from an ecologically and morphologically divergent sister spec...

Introduction: Iran experienced a dramatic fertility decline during recent decades. There was also an indication of a shift towards later childbearing from 2000. Past research on fertility has shown that the education variable is the most important determinant of fertility behaviors. However, the impact of education on fertility timing in Iran has been less considered. Methods: In a cross secti...

barbus sublimus, described by coad and najafpour (1997) as a new species, was retrieved first from the aala rood, a river in khuzestan province, southwestern iran. in our latest sampling a population of this species was found, for the first time, in fahlian rood, a river in a different water basin, in fars province, southwest of iran, where no specimen of the species was collected in previous s...

aging coefficient (ac) or aged-child ratio or age composition; takes into account the numbers and areas at both ends of the age distribution simultaneously. ac is the total number of individuals aged 65 years and more, divided by the total number of individuals aged 14 years, multiplied by 100. herein, age composition in iranian popu1ations, according to different provinces, place of residence ...

Salvia leriifolia (Lamiaceae) is an endemic endangered plant of Khorasan and Semnan province from Iran. Poor germination of seeds for this plant is a serious problem tomass production. The first step to improve this precious plant is to produce sterile plantlets in order to prepare explants of appropriate vigor. In this study, in vitro culture of Salvia leriifolia embryo was performed through a...