The three-dimensional instability of the thermocapillary convection in cylindrical undeformable floating zones heated laterally is studied numerically. Different types of the boundary conditions, including radiation heating, linearized radiation and prescribed heat flux are used in the calculation. Stability diagrams showing the Prandtl number dependence of the critical Marangoni numbers that r...

A market consists of buyers and sellers of some commodity, say a DVD movie. In this thesis, we assume the role of market operator. Our goal is to ensure that the market has certain desirable properties, including truthfulness, fairness and stability. We explore how to achieve these properties by designing rules for how the participants (buyers and sellers) can interact. We also explore how to e...

The formation of internal transport barriers (ITBs) is investigated in MAST spherical tokamak (ST) plasmas. The roles of E×B flow shear, q-profile (magnetic shear) and MHD activity in their formation and evolution are studied using data from high-resolution kineticand q-profile diagnostics. In L-mode plasmas, with co-current directed NBI heating, ITBs in the momentum and ion thermal channels fo...

We present a class of nonlinear dynamic viscoelastic models for materials subjected to shear stress. The model equations are based on a continuum variation of a reptation model in which chemically cross-linked (CC) systems of molecules act as constraint boxes per unit volume for physically constrained (PC) systems of molecules. Results from validating the model with dynamic shear experiments ar...

We examine the linear stability of fluid interfaces subjected to a shear flow. Our main object is to generalize previous work to arbitrary Atwood number, and to allow for surface tension and weak compressibility. The motivation derives from instances in astrophysical systems where mixing across material interfaces driven by shear flows may significantly affect the dynamical evolution of these s...

An effective shear modulus reconstruction technique is described which uses ultrasonic strain measurements for diagnosis of superficial tissues, i.e. our previously developed ultrasonic strain measurement and shear modulus reconstruction methods are combined and enhanced. The technique realizes very low computational load, yet yields fairly high quantitativeness, high stability and spatial reso...

OBJECTIVES When implants are inserted, the initial implant stability is dependent on the mechanical stability. To increase the initial stability, it was hypothesized that bone condensation implants will enhance the mechanical stability initially and that the moderately rough surface will further contribute to the secondary stability by enhanced osseointegration. It was further hypothesized that...

. Fukumoto Y, Hiro T, Fujii T, et al. Localized elevation of shear stress is related to coronary plaque rupture: a 3-dimensional intravascular ultrasound study with in-vivo color mapping of shear stress distribution. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:645–50. . Li ZY, Howarth SP, Tang T, Gillard JH. How critical is fibrous cap thickness to carotid plaque stability? A flow-plaque interaction model. Strok...

Eggs released by broadcast-spawning marine invertebrates are often negatively buoyant. Blastulae and gastrulae of these species are commonly motile, with passive stability that leads to upward swimming in still water. The earliest occurrence of swimming in developing embryos of diverse invertebrates may therefore permit vertical migration in nature. I used turbulent and laminar shear flows to i...