There is a lack of educational technology to support cognitive systems engineering topics such as models of human performance in dynamic environments. This paper describes the Cognitive Systems Engineering Educational Software (CSEES) system, an integrated toolset designed to facilitate curricula related to human judgment and decision-making performance modeling and evaluation. CSEES provides s...

In a landmark judgment in the English Court of Protection, the judge (Charles J) found it to be in the best interests of a minimally conscious patient for clinically assisted nutrition and hydration (CANH) to be withdrawn, with the inevitable consequence that the patient would die. In making this judgment, it was accepted that the patient's level of consciousness - if CANH were continued and re...

Thirty years ago, most researchers would have agreed with this perception. The Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman and his colleague Amos Tversky had found that people were severely limited in the amount of information that they could handle simultaneously so they employed simplistic mental strategies, or heuristics, to get around the problem. When applied to forecasting and decisions, these heurist...

A review of fatal United States avalanche accidents in the 1990s shows terrain, weather, and snow pack conditions are generally contributory factors to fatal avalanche accidents; human factors are the primary factor. Human errors are made in terms of judgement, skills, and knowledge. This paper discusses the human factors and errors that might mitigate decision-making errors. The relevant infor...

This article is the first in a series of four exploring how nurses make decisions. It distinguishes clinical judgement from the process of decision-making and looks at the sorts of decisions nurses make and what can go wrong.

A series of four studies explored how the ability to comprehend and transform probability numbers relates to performance on judgment and decision tasks. On the surface, the tasks in the four studies appear to be widely different; at a conceptual level, however, they all involve processing numbers and the potential to show an influence of affect. Findings were consistent with highly numerate ind...

In the aftermath of a national tragedy, important decisions are predicated on judgments of the emotional significance of the tragedy in the present and future. Research in affective forecasting has largely focused on ways in which people fail to make accurate predictions about the nature and duration of feelings experienced in the aftermath of an event. Here we ask a related but understudied qu...

Recent research has documented numerous, apparently irrational influences on consumer judgment and choice, from the influence of temporary moods and metacognitive experiences to the role of “feeling right” about a decision strategy. From the metatheoretical perspective of situated cognition, such findings reflect the pragmatic, situated, and embodied nature of human cognition, which usually ser...