Product graph has been shown as a way for matching subgraphs. This paper reports the extension of the product graph methodology for subgraph matching applied to symbol spotting in graphical documents. Here we focus on the two major limitations of the previous version of the algorithm: (1) spurious nodes and edges in the graph representation and (2) inefficient node and edge attributes. To deal ...

Given a real algebraic surface S in RP3, we propose a constructive procedure to determine the topology of S and to compute non-trivial topological invariants for the pair (RP3, S) under the hypothesis that the real singularities of S are isolated. In particular, starting from an implicit equation of the surface, we compute the number of connected components of S, their Euler characteristics and...

Let G be a finite, simple, connected graph. An arithmetical structure on G is a pair of positive integer vectors d, r such that (diag(d)−A)r = 0, where A is the adjacency matrix of G. We investigate the combinatorics of arithmetical structures on path and cycle graphs, as well as the associated critical groups (the cokernels of the matrices (diag(d) − A)). For paths, we prove that arithmetical ...

This is a continuation of ``Bipartite Distance-regular Graphs, Part I''. We continue our study of the Terwilliger algebra T of a bipartite distance-regular graph. In this part we focus on the thin irreducible T-modules of endpoint 2 and on those distance-regular graphs for which every irreducible T-module of endpoint 2 is thin. 8. Introduction to Part II Let G ˆ …X ;E† denote a bipartite distan...

Early design decisions made on building configuration and spatial design affect seismic behavior of buildings. Therefore introducing design guidelines and empirical methods implemented to assess seismic behavior of buildings have been proposed as an appropriate approach. Such concept helps architects to take into the consideration that how their preliminary design decisions influence downstream...

A proper interval bigraph is a bigraph where to each vertex we can assign a closed interval such that the intervals can be chosen to be inclusion free and vertices in the opposite partite sets are adjacent when the corresponding intervals intersect. In this paper, we introduce the notion of astral triple of edges and along the lines of characterization of interval graphs via the absence of aste...

Closed-form solutions were developed to optimize kinematics design of a 2-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) planar parallel manipulator. The optimum design based on the workspace was presented. Meanwhile, a global, comprehensive conditioning index was introduced to evaluate the kinematic designs. The optimal parallel manipulator is incorporated into a 5-DOF hybrid machine tool which includes a 2-DOF rot...

BACKGROUND Assessing the clinical effectiveness of measuring grip strength as a prognostic tool in recovering ambulation in bed-confined frail elderly patients. METHODS A prospective study was carried out with 50 elderly inpatients (mean age: 81.6 years old). Manual muscle test was used for checking strength of hip flexor muscles, hip abductor muscles and knee extensor muscles. Grip strength ...