Isotope effects are one of the most powerful kinetic tools for determining enzyme mechanisms. There are three methods of measurement. First, one can compare reciprocal plots with labeled and unlabeled substrates. The ratio of the slopes is the isotope effect on V/K, and the ratio of the vertical intercepts is the isotope effect on V(max). This is the only way to determine V(max) isotope effects...

reverse redistribution pattern is defined as decreased activity in the myocardium in the rest phase of the myocardial perfusion scan in comparison with the stress images. there are many studies concerning the etiology and clinical significant of this phenomenon in nuclear medicine literature. the dominant idea about etiology of reverse redistribution is early wash out of the radiotracer from th...

statement of the problem periodontitis is a common infectious disease that can be affected by different factors.periodontal conditions can be influenced by systemic diseases and they also can act as risk factors for some systemic diseases. several studies have been carried out on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and periodontal disease. purpose the purpose of our study was to eva...

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A commercial reagent, known as the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), makes it possible to analyze multiple samples simultaneously. The ability of iTRAQ to compare relative protein abundances across as many as eight samples is a significant advantage over other stable isotope strategies, such as stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and isoto...

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 504 ISOTOPE EFFECTS ........................................................................... ’ ....... 504 ISOTOPIC OMPOSITION A D DISCRIMINATION ....................................... 505 Definitions .......................................................................................... 50...