objective(s) isoniazid (inh) is one of the main first line drugs used in treatment of tuberculosis and development of resistance against this compound can result in serious problems in treatment procedures. resistance to inh is mediated mainly by mutation in katg gene that is coded for the catalase enzyme. the proportional method for detection of inh-resistance is time consuming due to the slow...

Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis, has been a global threat to human beings for several decades. Treating become more difficult as prevalence drug-resistant increased globally. Evidence suggests that comprehensive landscape resistance mechanisms in MTB is ambiguous. More importantly, little known regarding series events connected before exposure ...

BACKGROUND Rapid new diagnostic methods (including Xpert MTB/RIF assay) use rifampicin resistance as a surrogate marker for multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Patients infected with rifampicin susceptible strains are prescribed first line anti-tuberculosis therapy. The roll out of such methods raises a concern that strains with resistance to other first line anti-tuberculosis drugs including iso...

OBJECTIVES To study 2 h plasma concentrations of the first-line tuberculosis drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide in a cohort of patients with tuberculosis in Denmark and to determine the relationship between the concentrations and the clinical outcome. METHODS After 6-207 days of treatment (median 34 days) 2 h blood samples were collected from 32 patients with active tube...

BACKGROUND Isoniazid and rifampicin are the two most efficacious first-line agents for tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We assessed the prevalence of isoniazid and rifampicin mono-resistance, associated risk factors, and the association of mono-resistance on treatment outcomes. METHODS A prospective, observational cohort study enrolled adults with a first episode of smear-positive pulmonary TB fr...

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown significant differences and lack clarity on whether resistance to either isoniazid or rifampicin can predict multidrug tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Some consider be a surrogate for MDR-TB. We, therefore, conducted this study determine Results A total of 315 Mycobacteria isolates were tested against isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol streptomycin using th...

BACKGROUND The duration of protection against tuberculosis provided by isoniazid preventive therapy is not known for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals living in settings of medium tuberculosis incidence. METHODS We conducted an individual-level analysis of participants in a cluster-randomized, phased-implementation trial of isoniazid preventive therapy. HIV-infected pati...

Since the discovery of the antituberculous activity of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid), many related chemical compounds have been studied in the hope of finding compounds still more potent, less toxic, and of longer-lasting activity. Isonicotinylhydrazones of substituted benzaldehydes have been studied by several groups of investigators. A total of 25 derivatives have been reported to b...

In 2004, identification of patients infected with the same Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain in New York, New York, USA, resulted in an outbreak investigation. The investigation involved data collection and analysis, establishing links between patients, and forming transmission hypotheses. Fifty-four geographically clustered cases were identified during 2003-2009. Initially, the M. tuberculosis...

The importance of achieving concentrations of both streptomycin and isoniazid adequate to sterilize all parent drug-susceptible organisms was empasized by in vitro studies on the prevention of emergence of mutants resistant to these drugs (1). Many factors determine the concentrations of these agents to which multiplying tubercle bacilli are exposed in the human subject: dosage; absorption and ...