An 84-year-old man with severe (GOLDIV) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a history of pulmonary thromboembolism andwarfarin medicationwas admitted for elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis. He had stopped warfarin medication a week before (international normalized ratio [INR] 1.14), and was kept on low-molecular-weight heparin. ER...

CONTEXT To evaluate the effect of widely used endodontic irrigating solutions on root dentin microhardness and surface roughness. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty, non-carious extracted human permanent incisor teeth were selected. The crowns of the teeth were sectioned and the roots were separated longitudinally to get 240 specimens. These specimens were then divided into six groups a...

INTRODUCTION Chilled saline is commonly used to irrigate the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and is often considered by the patients to be uncomfortable. Room temperature (non-chilled) saline may be a safe and less painful alternative. OBJECTIVES To compare pain and visual outcomes after irrigating the ocular surface with chilled saline versus room temperature saline in...

AIM This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and BioPure MTAD when used as a fnal rinse against Enterococcus faecalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty single-rooted premolars were biomechanically prepared, inoculated with E. faecalis and divided into various groups. These were then irrigated with the test irrigant...