AIMS The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the eight-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire translated into Persian for use in Iranian patients with thalassemia major. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a standard "forward-backward" translation procedure, the English language version of the questionnaire was translated into Persian. Two hundred pat...

BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to study the prevalence and intensity of Anisakids larvae in the long tail tuna fish captured from Iranian shores of Persian Gulf. METHODS Different organs including skin, abdominal cavity, stomach and intestinal contents, stomach sub serous tissues, liver, spleen, gonads and 20 grams of muscles of 100 long tail tuna fish (Thannustonggol) caught from water...

BACKGROUND Migraine is one of the most common headaches that affect 11% or more adult population. Recently, researchers have designed two questionnaires, namely Headache Impact Test (HIT) and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), with the aim of improving migraine care. These two tests provide a standard measurement about migraine's effects on people's life style that divide patients into 4 g...

Background — Health anexity affects the doctor–patient relationship and also causes unnecessary further procedures. Therefore, early diagnosis of it with a valid instrument is very important. Objectives — The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the Persian version of 14-item Whiteley Index. Material and Methods — This research was a cross sectional study carried out in ...

Historical research shows that many physicians experienced in medical sciences are also talented in art, literature and poetry. Avicenna was a sage who was skilled in poetry in addition to philosophy and medicine. He wrote two different types of poetry: those meant to be enjoyed for their literary qualities of novelty and imagination, and his didactic Urjuzeh. Didactic poems are different from ...

INTRODUCTION The Questionnaire for Olfactory Dysfunction (QOD) is a self-reporting olfactory-related quality of life questionnaire. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Persian version of this questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and thirteen patients with olfactory problems were enrolled in this study. The English version of the QOD was first...

BACKGROUND In 1993, Muller developed the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) which has been used widely in many studies and translated into several languages. The current study aimed to translate the PAI into Persian, assess the underlying structure of the PAI, and the appropriateness of the one-factor solution proposed by Muller. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we recrui...

The Unitarianist Interface Hypothesis proposed by Lotfi (ms.) concerns only one interface level -the Semantico-Phonetic Format which both performance systems can have access to various types of features of a lexical item. This paper hypothesizes the existence of an iconic relationship between formal and phonological features, and the influence of formal features on intonation in Persian speaker...

BACKGROUND One effective model for studying cigarette smoking cessation is the transtheoretical model (TTM). In order to assess to what degree interventions can make variations in individuals' behavior, several questionnaires have been developed based on the TTM. This study aims to describe the development of the Persian version of the Decisional Balance Inventory (DBI) for smoking cessation in...

Abstract This paper aims to investigate the usage and frequency of what we refer as K-suffixes in Classical New Persian ninth thirteenth centuries, Contemporary Written late nineteenth mid-twentieth Spoken Persian. It shows that are most likely be reflexes earlier evaluative morphemes, traditionally called “diminutives,” characterized by a high degree multifunctionality. While functions continu...