We introduce a real-time method to monitor the evolution of oak aromas during the oak toasting process. French and American oak wood boards were toasted in an oven at three different temperatures, while the process-gas was continuously transferred to the inlet of a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer for online monitoring. Oak wood aroma compounds important for their senso...

318 Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases | Volume 6 | Number 4 | July 2012 kidney calculi, the clinical features and risk factors of urolithiasis were evaluated.1 They concluded that urolithiasis remains a serious problem in Iranian children. In addition, family history of urolithiasis, urologic abnormalities, metabolic disorders, and urinary tract infections were associated risk factors for pedi...

We investigated the competitive response of oak and mountain laurel to prescribed fire on two sites in northeastern Connecticut. After nearly a decade, the competitive position of oak on moderately burned portions of both sites was little better, and in some respects worse, than on adjacent unburned controls. However, on portions of both sites where fire had killed much of the overstory, oak re...

D. S. Kim,1,* H. L. Smith,1 J. L. Niedziela,2 C. W. Li,3 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz1 1Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA 2Instrument and Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA 3Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn...

C. W. Li,1,2,* H. L. Smith,2 T. Lan,2 J. L. Niedziela,3 J. A. Muñoz,2 J. B. Keith,2 L. Mauger,2 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz2 1Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA 2Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA 3Instrument and Source Division, Oak R...

Dietary specialization is thought to be rare in mammalian herbivores as a result of either a limitation in their detoxification system to metabolize higher doses of plant secondary compounds or deficiencies in nutrients present in a diet composed of a single species of plant. Neotoma macrotis is an oak specialist, whereas Neotoma lepida is a dietary generalist when sympatric with N. macrotis. W...

The first requirement—competitive oak regeneration sources —is a restatement of the First Law of Oak Silviculture; i.e., successful oak regeneration after harvest will come from advance reproduction that exists in the current stand and stump sprouts from trees that are harvested from the current stand. I will discuss progress that has been made in assessing (1) the competitiveness of oak regene...

background persian oak (quercus brantii) belongs to the fagaceae family. it is a medicinal plant which is commonly used by the tribes in south western iran to treat inflammatory and gastric ulcers. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of persian oak ointment on dermal wound healing in rats. materials and methods for making full-thickness wounds in rats, the excisio...