Four sampling methods that included A-Vac, D-Vac, pole-bucket, and beat-net devices were evaluated for estimating relative densities of glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitri-pennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) nymphs and adults on citrus (Citrus spp.) trees. All four methods produced similar temporal and spatial distribution profiles, although significant differences in quantities...

background: volatile organic compounds (vocs) are human-made chemicals widely spread in the environment and produced by petrochemical industries and petroleum refineries. the aim of this research was to evaluate the distribution of vocs in the ambient air of mahshahr petrochemical complex, iran. methods: this study was a cross-sectional research performed in 2009. we used the method numbered 15...

Abstract Air pollution has become an important national issue in Iran recent years. Several studies have shown that air harmfully impacts the physical and mental health of citizens, reducing labor productivity student academic performance. One aspect is yet to be examined if it explains migration behavior across provinces Iran. Between 2011 2016, approximately 4.3 million Iranians (about 5% pop...

BACKGROUND Promoting mental health and preventing mental disorders are of the main concerns for every country. Achieving these goals requires effective indexes for evaluating mental health. Therefore, to develop mental health enhancement programs in Iran, there is a need to measure the state of mental health in Iran. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to select a set of mental health indicators that...

BACKGROUND The fertility experience in Iran suggests that the family planning programs had an effective role in the fertility reduction. This study aimed to specify patterns of marriage in Iran and especially in a northern city of Iran and to investigate the association between patterns of marriage and contraceptive use before first pregnancy and current contraceptive use. METHODS In this cro...

The environment is implicated as a source of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and there is a need for evidence-based approaches to environmental sampling to assess cleanliness and improve infection prevention and control. We assessed, in vitro, different approaches to sampling the environment for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In a laboratory-based investigation, the ...

Summary: We present a new optical frequency domain reflectometry technique which permits high frequency sweep repetition rates without sacrificing range. This technique could thus be adapted for remote and distributed acoustic sensing over long

As a contributing factor to health, the trace element selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient of special interest for humans and all animals. It is estimated that 0.5 to 1 billion people worldwide suffer from Se deficiency. In spite of the important role of Se, its concentrations in soil, water and essential crops have not been studied in Iran. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to...

OBJECTIVE To determine if sweep visual evoked potential (VEP) acuity is predictive of recognition acuity in children with albinism. METHODS A retrospective review was performed in children with albinism who underwent sweep VEP testing from 1992 to 2003. All patients had a complete ophthalmologic examination with either binocular or monocular sweep VEP testing and at least 5 years of follow-up...