BACKGROUND. In 2001, Australia introduced a unique 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) 2-, 4-, and 6-month schedule with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) booster for Aboriginal children, and in 2005, 7vPCV alone in a 2-, 4-, and 6-month schedule for non-Aboriginal children. Aboriginal adults are offered 23vPPV but coverage is poor. We investigated trends in i...

Background. In the general population, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPV) decrease the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) whereas the impact on the prevention of noninvasive pneumococcal disease is less clear. As compared with PPV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) provoke a higher, longer-lasting immune response resulting in a 45% decreased incidence in vaccine-type p...

This epidemiological study examined morbidity and case fatality of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults in Belgium as well as distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.Adults hospitalised with microbiologically proven IPD were prospectively enrolled. The study started in 2009 with patients aged ≥50 years, whereas in 2010 and 2011, patients aged ≥1...

BACKGROUND Outbreaks of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) typically occur within institutions. Beginning in 2005, we detected an increase in serotype (ST) 5 and ST8 IPD cases, predominantly in homeless persons living in an open community. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS CASPER (Calgary Area S. pneumoniae Epidemiology Research) surveillance study of all IPD (sterile site isolates) in our regi...

BACKGROUND In the general population, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPV) decrease the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) whereas the impact on the prevention of noninvasive pneumococcal disease is less clear. As compared with PPV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) provoke a higher, longer-lasting immune response resulting in a 45% decreased incidence in vaccine-type pn...

BACKGROUND Despite the dramatic decline in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) observed since the introduction of conjugate vaccination, it is feared that several factors may undermine the future effectiveness of the vaccines. In particular, pathogenic pneumococci may switch their capsular types and evade vaccine-conferred immunity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we fir...

While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been implemented in most countries worldwide, use in Asia has lagged in part because of a lack of data on the amount of disease that is vaccine preventable in the region. We describe pneumococcal serotypes elicited from 111 episodes of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) from 2005 to 2013 among children and adults in Pakistan. Seventy-three percent (n ...

Introduction Patients with asthma have been reported to be at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Therefore, routine vaccination against Streptococcus Pneumoniae is suggested for all children suffering from asthma or recurrent wheeze. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the preferred treatment for initiating longterm control therapy in these children. Their effect on the immuno...

We assessed the impact of 10-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines (PCV10 and PCV13), which were introduced in Germany in 2009, on the incidence of meningitis and non-meningitis invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children aged under 16 years in a population previously vaccinated with a seven-valent vaccine (PCV7). Surveillance of IPD (isolation of Streptococcus pneumonia from a normall...

BACKGROUND Recurrent invasive pneumococcal disease (rIPD) occurs mostly in children with an underlying disease, but some cases remain unexplained. Immunodeficiency has been described in children with rIPD, but the prevalence is unknown. We used a nationwide registry of all laboratory-confirmed cases of rIPD to identify cases of unexplained rIPD and examine them for immunodeficiency. METHODS C...