BACKGROUND In this study, lidocaine concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at different interspaces were measured with or without preceding spinal anesthesia, 10 min after epidural injection of lidocaine, to investigate the effects of preceding meningeal puncture on CSF concentrations of epidurally administered local anesthetic. METHODS Sixty patients scheduled to receive combined spinal...

The modulated receptor hypothesis states that sodium channels have a specific receptor for antiarrhythmic drugs. Therefore, two agents that block sodium channels by binding to this receptor are expected to compete for occupancy. Glycylxylidide (GX) is a deethylated metabolite of lidocaine that accumulates in patients on lidocaine therapy. In single, voltage-clamped cardiocytes, GX, like lidocai...

BACKGROUND Although intrathecal clonidine produces pronounced analgesia, antinociceptive doses of intrathecal clonidine produce several side effects, including hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. Intrathecal tizanidine, another alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist, has provided antinociception without producing pronounced hemodynamic changes in animal studies. However, it has been unclear whether an...

BACKGROUND Evidence from randomized trials suggests that pain relief during oocyte retrieval is superior when adjunctive paracervical block is used in addition to sedation alone. Vaginal application of lidocaine gel is a non-invasive alternative to lidocaine paracervical block. The goal of the present trial was to compare analgesia with lidocaine vaginal gel versus lidocaine paracervical block....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cognitive decline after cardiac surgery remains common and diminishes patients' quality of life. Based on experimental and clinical evidence, this study assessed the potential of intravenously administered lidocaine to reduce postoperative cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS After IRB approval, 277 patients undergoing cardia...

INTRODUCTION As physicians incorporate calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) into their aesthetic treatment regimens, the question has arisen of whether the addition of anesthetic agents to prefilled CaHA syringes might provide sufficient anesthetic prophylaxis to warrant reduction in conventional anesthetic pretreatment procedures. STUDY DESIGN Investigators sought to determine changes in the physi...

Previous studies demonstrated that systemic administration of lidocaine could induce central nervous toxicities, including behavioral convulsion as well as cognitive and cellular injury. Ketamine, a general anesthetic, is commonly used as an adjuvant in regional anesthesia with combination of lidocaine. The present was designed to investigate the effects of ketamine in central nervous toxicitie...

Electrophysiological studies were conducted in 13 patients with normal sinus node function and 14 with sinus node dysfunction before and after intravenous lidocaine. Mean +/- SEM sinus cycle length significantly shortened from 810 +/- 34.3 to 774 +/- 34.3 msec in patients with normal sinus node (P less than 0.001) and from 1061 +/- 67.6 to 1016 +/- 64.5 msec in patients with sinus node dysfunct...

Lidocaine has proved to be an effective antiarrhythmic agent in the management of ventricular arrhythmias subsequent to acute myocardial infarction. Lidocaine's short duration of action and its propensity for producing central nervous system (CNS) stimulation suggest that a safer and more effective therapeutic agent, based on a modification of the lidocaine structure, might be found. The quater...

AIM To compare the effectiveness of 2% prilocaine plain solution, 1% lidocaine hydrochloride, and 1% buffered lidocaine in local anesthesia and pain reduction during injection in laceration repair. METHODS A double-blind randomized prospective comparison study included 183 consecutive eligible adult patients with simple lacerations, admitted to the emergency department between January 2001 an...