Study Selection Studies were selected if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the outcome when analgesics were given before surgical incision with the outcome when the same medication was given after surgical incision. Studies that compared pre-emptive analgesia with no analgesia or that compared pre-emptive analgesia with pre-emptive analgesia plus analgesia given after ...

Study Selection Studies were selected if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the outcome when analgesics were given before surgical incision with the outcome when the same medication was given after surgical incision. Studies that compared pre-emptive analgesia with no analgesia or that compared pre-emptive analgesia with pre-emptive analgesia plus analgesia given after ...

background the aim of the present study was to compare two analgesic techniques for transrectal ultrasound (trus)-guided biopsy: diclofenac patch versus periprostatic nerve block with 1% lidocaine. objectives to study the efficacy of and compare diclofenac patch and periprostatic nerve block as analgesia in trus-guided prostate needle biopsy. patients and methods in total, 60 patients were pros...

BACKGROUND Continuous intrathecal labor analgesia produces rapid analgesia or anesthesia and allows substantial flexibility in medication choice. The US Food and Drug Administration, in 1992, removed intrathecal microcatheters (27-32 gauge) from clinical use after reports of neurologic injury in nonobstetric patients. This study examined the safety and efficacy of a 28-gauge intrathecal cathete...

BACKGROUND Evidence on the analgesic effectiveness of nitrous oxide for labor pain is limited. Even fewer studies have looked at patient satisfaction. Although nitrous oxide appears less effective than neuraxial analgesia, it is unclear whether labor analgesic effectiveness is the most important factor in patient satisfaction. We sought to compare the relationship between analgesic effectivenes...

CONTEXT Whether epidural analgesia is a better method than parenteral opioids for postoperative pain control remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia vs parenteral opioids, the primary alternative technique. DATA SOURCES Studies were identified primarily by searching the National Library of Medicine's PubMed database (1966 to...

OBJECTIVE To quantify benefit and harm of epidural analgesia, compared with systemic opioid analgesia, in adults having surgery under general anesthesia. BACKGROUND It remains controversial whether adding epidural analgesia to general anesthesia decreases postoperative morbidity and mortality. METHODS We searched CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, and BIOSIS till July 2012. We included random...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain and pulmonary function during the postoperative period after thoracic surgery by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. METHODS The search strategy included MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE and LILACS, besides a manual search, from inception to August, 2011. R...

BACKGROUND The effect of epidural analgesia on nulliparous labor and delivery remains controversial. In addition, pregnancy and delivery have long been considered risk factors in the genesis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We sought to determine the effect of epidural analgesia and timing of administration on labor course and postpartum SUI. METHODS Five hundred and eighty three nullipa...