We report the results of studies in which partially purified centrosomes, nuclei, and DNA were injected into frog's eggs, which are naturally arrested in metaphase or interphase. These results have led to an independent assessment of the contributions of the centrosome and the chromatin to the formation of the mitotic spindle and suggest a simple explanation for the transition from interphase t...

Using two types of anti-phosphopeptide antibodies which specifically recognize vimentin phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) at two distinct PKC sites, we found that PKC acted as a mitotic vimentin kinase. Temporal change of vimentin phosphorylation by PKC differed form changes by cdc2 kinase. The mitosis-specific vimentin phosphorylation by PKC was dramatically enhanced by treatment with a...

Eukaryotic chromosomes occupy distinct territories within interphase nuclei. The arrangement of chromosome territories (CTs) is important for replication, transcription, repair and recombination processes. Our knowledge about interphase chromatin arrangement is mainly based on results from in situ labeling approaches. The phylogenetic affiliation of a species, cell cycle, differentiation status...

A chromosome is a single long DNA molecule assembled along its length with nucleosomes and proteins. During interphase, a mammalian chromosome exists as a highly organized supramolecular globule in the nucleus. Here, we discuss new insights into how genomic DNA is packaged and organized within interphase chromosomes. Our emphasis is on the structural principles that underlie chromosome organiza...

A mathematical model for thermal explosion in a combustible dusty gas containing fuel droplets with general Arrhenius reaction-rate laws, convective and radiative heat losses, and interphase heat exchange between gas and inert solid particles is investigated. The objective of the study is to examine the effects of interphase heat exchange between the gas and solid particles on i ignition of rea...

Junctional coupling was assessed during the transition from the fourth to the fifth cell cycle of mouse embryogenesis by injection of the dye carboxyfluorescein and by measurement of electrical continuity between cells. Junctional coupling, which arises de novo in early 8-cell mouse embryos, subsequently becomes reduced towards the end of the cell cycle as the blastomeres enter into mitosis. Ar...

[35S]Sulfate incorporation was measured in populations of Chinese hamster ovary cells enriched for mitotics, early G1 cells, and interphase monolayers or suspensions. Incorporation was determined by biochemical analysis of extracts and quantitative autoradiography of thick sections. 90% of [35S]sulfate was incorporated into glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Incorporation was depressed fourfold in mitoti...

Human scleroderma serum 5051, which is known to recognize the amorphous pericentriolar microtubule organizing center material of a variety of vertebrate cells, was found to immunostain spindle poles of meristematic higher plants from pre-prophase to late anaphase. Subsequently, during cytokinesis, staining was redistributed around the reforming telophase nuclei, but was not evident in the cytok...

The structure of interphase chromosomes, and in particular the changes in large-scale chromatin structure accompanying transcriptional activation, remain poorly characterized. Here we use light microscopy and in vivo immunogold labeling to directly visualize the interphase chromosome conformation of 1-2 Mbp chromatin domains formed by multi-copy BAC transgenes containing 130-220 kb of genomic D...

DNase I was used to probe the molecular organization of the chicken ovalbumin (OV) gene and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene in interphase nuclei and in metaphase chromosomes of cultured chicken lymphoblastoid cells (MSB-1 line). The OV gene was not transcribed in this cell line, whereas the GPD gene was constitutively expressed. The GPD gene was more sensitive to DNase I dig...