On 13 September 1987, a radiation accident occurred in the city of Goiânia in Central Brazil. Approximately 250 people were exposed to a 137Cs source from an abandoned radiotherapy unit. At least 14 patients showed some degree of bone marrow depression, and eight developed the classical signs and symptoms of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). Twenty-eight people presented local radiation injuries ...

high temperatures are often encountered in almost all of the combustion systems, therefore, thermal radiation heat transfer can influence the droplets heat up rate and consequently their life time. in this paper, the effect of thermal radiation heat transfer is investigated for two cases of directional and spherically symmetric illuminations. the flow and temperature fields insdie and outside o...

In astrophysical flows, radiation often contains a large fraction of the energy density, momentum density, and stress (i.e., pressure) in the radiating fluid. Furthermore, radiative transfer is usually the most effective energy-exchange mechanism within the fluid. To describe the behavior of such flows we need conservation laws that account accurately for both the material and the radiative con...

Radiation therapy has gone through a series of revolutions in the last few decades and it is now possible to produce highly conformal radiation dose distribution by using techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The improved dose conformity and steep dose gradients have necessitated enhanced patient localization and beam targeting techniques for radiotherapy treatments. ...

BACKGROUND Internal mammary irradiation is still an issue of great debate. Although treatment of internal mammary lymph nodes was routinely given in the majority of randomized trials, data in its value are still limited. The aim of this study is to determine the variability of position of the internal mammary lymph nodes using lymphoscintigraphy and to compare the dose of radiation that reaches...

Biliary cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up F. Eckel, T. Brunner & S. Jelic On behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group* Department of Internal Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Gray Institute of Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK; Internal Medicin...

the effect of partial slip and temperature dependent fluid properties on the mhd mixed convection flow from a heated, non-linearly stretching surface in the presence of radiation and non-uniform internal heat generation/absorption is investigated. the velocity of the stretching surface was assumed to vary according to power-law form. thermal transport is analyzed for two types of non-isothermal...

background: radioiodine therapy has proven to be an effective method in the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy. the scope of this study is to describe a method to obtain the dose of organs using medical internal radiation dosimetry (mird) method. at the end, the results of mird calculations were compared with thermoluminescent dosimeter (tld-100). ma...